2. 学历类
  3. Text 3 Over the past decade,many compani

Text 3 Over the past decade,many compani

练习题库2022-08-02  33
问题 Text 3 Over the past decade,many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors—habits—among consumers.These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking,often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems,like dirty hands instead of a soap habit,that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habits，”said Dr.Curtis,the director of the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene&Tropical Medicine.“We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr.Curtis turned to—Procter&Gamble,ColgatePalmolive and Unilever—had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers'lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough,you'll find that many of the products we use every day—chewing gums,skin moisturizers,disinfecting wipes,air fresheners,water purifiers,health snacks,teeth whiteners,fabric softeners,vitamins—are results of manufactured habits.A century ago,few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day.Today,because of shrewed advertising and public health campaigns,many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavitypreventing scrub twice a day,often with Colgate,Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago,many people didn't drink water outside of a meal.Then beverage companies started bottling the production of faroff springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long.Chewing gum,once bought primarily by adolescent boys,is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,”said Carol Berning,a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter&Gamble,the company that sold$76 billion of Tide,Crest and other products last year.“Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers'lives,and it's essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation,social scientists like Dr.Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising.As this new science of habit has emerged,controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.Which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people's habits?A.Tide.B.Crest.C.Colgate.D.Unilever.
选项 A.Tide.
B.Crest.
C.Colgate.
D.Unilever.
答案 D
解析 细节题【命题思路】这是一道细节题，考生可以通过观察选项，找到与其他选项不一样的选项即为正确答案。考生还在回文定位后，通过原词复现排除干扰项，从而选出正确答案。【直击答案】从A、B、C、D四个选项的特征来看，只有D项中的“Unilever”是一个公司的名称而并非产品的名称，因此正确答案为D。从文章内容来看，虽然在文章的第三段指出Curtis博士建议向这三家公司学习，“The companies that Dr.Curtis turned to—Procter&Gamble,ColgatePalmolive and Unilever…”即宝洁公司，高露洁—棕榄公司和联合利华三家公司，但是在文章后面并未提到任何联合利华的产品。【干扰排除】文章在第三段提到这三家公司之后，紧接着在第四段例证段落的末句中提到“Today,because of shrewd advertising and public health campaigns,…often with Colgate,Crest or one of the other brands.”该句中提到了佳洁士和高露洁两种牙膏帮助人们培养了刷牙的习惯。因此B项和C项同时排除。第六段首句是该段中心句，指出“our products succeed when they become part ofdaily or weekly patterns”，紧接着指出宝洁公司“sold$76 billion of Tide,Crest and other products last year”。由此可知Tide也可帮助人们培养习惯，因此排除A项。
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