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  3. Text 3 Over the past decade,many compani

Text 3 Over the past decade,many compani

资格题库2022-08-02  24
问题 Text 3 Over the past decade,many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors—habits—among consumers.These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking,often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems,like dirty hands instead of a soap habit,that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habits，”said Dr.Curtis,the director of the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene&Tropical Medicine.“We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr.Curtis turned to—Procter&Gamble,ColgatePalmolive and Unilever—had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers'lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough,you'll find that many of the products we use every day—chewing gums,skin moisturizers,disinfecting wipes,air fresheners,water purifiers,health snacks,teeth whiteners,fabric softeners,vitamins—are results of manufactured habits.A century ago,few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day.Today,because of shrewed advertising and public health campaigns,many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavitypreventing scrub twice a day,often with Colgate,Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago,many people didn't drink water outside of a meal.Then beverage companies started bottling the production of faroff springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long.Chewing gum,once bought primarily by adolescent boys,is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,”said Carol Berning,a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter&Gamble,the company that sold$76 billion of Tide,Crest and other products last year.“Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers'lives,and it's essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation,social scientists like Dr.Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising.As this new science of habit has emerged,controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.Bottled water,chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to______A.reveal their impact on people's habitsB.show the urgent need of daily necessitiesC.indicate their effect on people's buying powerD.manifest the significant role of good habits
选项 A.reveal their impact on people's habits
B.show the urgent need of daily necessities
C.indicate their effect on people's buying power
D.manifest the significant role of good habits
答案 A
解析 推理题【命题思路】这是一道推理题。题干中提供的具体信息实则是文章中的例子，考生需要对上文和下文进行搜索在答题的时候首先需要找出论据所证明的观点。【直击答案】本题是典型的例证题，根据题干定位到第五段。阅读第五段内容可知，该段说明bottled water，chewing gun and skin moisturizers如何被人们广为应用。例子是用来说明观点的，因此可阅读上下段，即第四段和第六段，从中找到表达观点的句子，即可得出正确答案。第四段首句“…many of the products we use every day…are results of manufactured habits”及第六段首句“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns”，都说明了产品对习惯的影响，即A项的内容。【干扰排除】从第五段可知bottled water，chewing gun and skin moisturizers成为人们日常生活的必备品（daily necessities），但并未体现出urgent need，因此排除B项。C项也属于无中生有干扰项，作者并没有提能否买得起这样的问题，只是说过去没有这样的产品也就没有相关的生活习惯。D项中的“good”是错误的标志，作者只是客观阐述了产品对人们生活习惯的影响，并没有评论这些习惯的好坏。
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