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  3. Text 2 As lawmakers fight over what cond

Text 2 As lawmakers fight over what cond

题库2022-08-02  45
问题 Text 2 As lawmakers fight over what conditions insurance companies should be required to cover,other areas of health-care reform remain painfully neglected.One major example:How much should insurance companies pay for what they cover?Consumers rarely care about health-care prices beyond what they personally pay for deductibles,co-payments and prescription drugs.But insurance payments are crucial to understanding why health-care prices have gotten so out of control in the United States.A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine makes this abundantly clear:Hospital emergency departments across the country are prone to excessively overcharge patients with private insurance,the study found,demanding that patients pay-on average-more than four times what Medicare pays for typical emergency procedures.This is not the heritage of sound medicine.This is the outcome of an extremely complicated and disjointed health-care system-and it's not necessarily the result of greedy hospitals trying to milk large profits out of vulnerable populations.Instead,it's the result of messy provider networks-rife with discounts and confusing contracts,designed by insurance companies and providers to attract customers.There are policy solutions to correct this system.Maryland,for example,has long operated under an"all-payer system"in which everyone pays the same rate for the same treatment-set by an independent state agency.Under this system,Medicare pays higher rates for care than in other states,but in the long run,it saves money-to the tune of$319 million-because the payment system incentivizes hospitals to reduce the number of people they admit.In other words,it encourages payment for quality of care,not quantity.Health-care providers have an incentive to work more closely with nursing facilities to deliver preventive care.Physicians also work more closely with patients to reduce preventable complications and hospital readmissions,which have dropped in Maryland faster than the national average in recent years.This innovative approach to solving price disparities in health-care costs is refreshing,although what works in Maryland might not work everywhere else.But other states have also passed laws to reduce price variation in health care,particularly for uninsured and low-income patients who would be most harmed by surprise medical bills.Unfortunately,reform efforts led by Republicans in Congress will likely worry the health-care industry enough to threaten state-led initiatives.Uncertainty-especially in terms of what our insurance markets will look like a year from now-makes it difficult,if not impossible,for states to experiment with different policies.That's a shame,because that's where the exciting and innovative reforms are happening.The study in JAMA Internal Medicine is mentioned to illustrate that_____A.insurance payments push up health-care pricesB.prices in health care are soaring out of controlC.Medicare is more efficieni than private insuranceD.lawmakers fight in the wrong direction
选项 A.insurance payments push up health-care prices
B.prices in health care are soaring out of control
C.Medicare is more efficieni than private insurance
D.lawmakers fight in the wrong direction
答案 A
解析 [信息锁定]第二段介绍研究发现：全国各地医院向私人保险患者收取比联邦医疗保险更高的医疗费用，高达四倍有余；结合其前文“立法议员们及消费者都对保险给付认识不够，并未清楚意识到保险给付对于理解医疗费用为何如此高得离谱很关键（言外之意为．保险给付是医疗费用高涨的幕后推手）”及其后文“原因分析：错在医疗保健系统的复杂而混乱”不难得知文章引用该研究的意旨：说明医疗给付与医疗费用失控的关联，即A.正确。[解题技巧]B.源自首段末句”医疗费用失控（health-care prices have gotten so out of control）”，虽属事实，却并非研究发现反衬出的幕后现象（即写作目的：揭示保险费用与医疗费用之间的关联）；C.将研究发现”医院对私人保险患者收费远高于联邦医疗保险患者”篡改为“联邦医疗保险比私人保险更高效”，且也有“将写作事实等同于写作目的”之嫌；D.将首段首句的“忽略”上纲上线为“错误”，同时也非研究发现所揭示的幕后现象。
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