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  3. All around the world, lawyers generate m

All around the world, lawyers generate m

最全题库2022-08-02  16
问题 All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.　During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.　There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with$100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.　Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.　The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.　In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?A. Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.B. Admissions approval from the bar association.C. Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.D. Receiving training by professional associations.
选项 A. Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.
B. Admissions approval from the bar association.
C. Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.
D. Receiving training by professional associations.
答案 C
解析 细节题。题目问的是增加美国法律教育的额外花费。第三段开始分析美国法律行业存在问题的原因。第①句为下面四个段落的总起句。而第②句则为本段的中心句，指出其中一个原因为：法律教育的成本过高。接着阐述了在美国成为一名律师的过程：“花四年本科攻读某一与法律无关的学科”→花三年在美国律师协会（American Bar Association）指定的法律院校取得学位→准备昂贵的入会考试。C项“取得另一专业的学位”确实是增加了法律教育的成本，故为正确答案。A项中的“本科学费”虽然与第一点对应，但是不确切，而且文中并未提到higher；B项“被律师协会允许加入“并不是额外花费且考试（bar exam）不等于入会；D项是否要经过training不得而知。
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