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  3. All around the world, lawyers generate m

All around the world, lawyers generate m

题库2022-08-02  28
问题 All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.　During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.　There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with$100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.　Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.　The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.　In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.In this text, the author mainly discusses _____.A. flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causesB. the factors that help make a successful lawyer in AmericaC. a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to itD. the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education
选项 A. flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causes
B. the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America
C. a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it
D. the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education
答案 C
解析 篇章理解题。本文主要讨论了美国律师行业存在的问题，分析了其中的原因以及提出了一些相应的解决方法。第一、二段提出问题；第三、四、五段分析问题；第六段提出建议。通过对整篇文章大意的理解，不难发现C项“美国法律行业存在的问题及其解决方式”最能概况这个大意，故正确。A项“美国法律公司有缺陷的所有制结构及其原因”是第五段的内容，以偏概全；虽然第三段有提到在美国成为一名律师的道路，但这也不是全文的论述主题，故B项不选；D项“本科学习在美国法律教育中的角色”只是文章的细节，不能涵盖整篇文章的大意。解答主旨大意题一定要有全局观，通常弄清全文的结构。抓住文章的主要行文脉络，放弃细节。找出每段的中心句，抓住段落大意，然后概括出文章的整体大意。千万不要去选择一些文中未提及、或者以偏概全的选项。
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