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  3. 　　The United States perceives itself to

　　The United States perceives itself to

免费题库2022-08-02  31
问题 　　The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However, middle class is not a real designation, nor does it carry privileges(特权). It is more of a perception, which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II. The economy was growing, more and more people owned their own homes, workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them, and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility. They may have started out poor, but they could become rich. Successful people also found that they had greater geographic mobility, In other words, they found themselves moving to and living in a variety of places.　　The middle class collectively holds several values and principles. One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that determine one’s own economic fate. In addition, middle-class morality(道德观) embraces principles of individual responsibility, importance of family, obligations to others, and believing in something outside oneself.　　But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success. A U. S. New& World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent of Americans believed that class families could no longer make ends meet. Both spouses now worked, as did of the children; long commutes became routine; the need for child care put strains on the families; and public schools were not as good as they once were. Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat. The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing.
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解析 美国把自己看作是一个中产阶级国家。然而，中产阶级并不是真正的指定，也不会带来特权。它更多的可能是一种感觉，二战以后可能就是这样的感觉。经济增长，越来越多的人拥有自己的居所，工人与雇佣公司有可靠的合同，几乎所有想得到高等教育的人都可以如愿以偿。成功人士享受向上的社会流动性。他们可能开始是穷人，但是可以变得富有。成功人士也发现，他们有更大的地域流动性，即是说，他们发现自己移居并生活在各种各样的地方。
　　中产阶层持有一些价值观和原则。一个重要的价值观就是，要赚足够的钱去感受自己决定自己经济命运的感觉。除此之外，中产阶层的道德观看重个人责任、家庭重要性，对他人的义务及信任他人。
　　但在上世纪90年代，中产阶层的人发现成功是有代价的。美国1994年新世界调查报告指出75%的中产阶层美国人认为家庭收支不能平衡。父母双方都在工作，对孩子都一样。长期的通勤是常规，孩子的看护给家庭添加负担。公立学校没有以前好。中产阶层的生活方式不再建立在收入上，而是靠信用来维持。对什么是中产阶级的理解正在发生变化。
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