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  3. Practically speaking, the artiste maturing of the cinema was the single-hande

Practically speaking, the artiste maturing of the cinema was the single-hande

游客2025-05-02  26
问题    Practically speaking, the artiste maturing of the cinema was the single-handed achievement of David W. Griffith (1875～1948). Before Griffith, photography in dramatic films consisted of little more than placing the actors before a stationary camera and showing them in full length as they would have appeared onstage. From the beginning of his career as a director, however, Griffith, because of his love of Victorian painting, employed composition. He conceived of the camera image as having a foreground and a rear ground, as well as the middle distance preferred by most directors. By 1910 he was using close-ups to reveal significant details of the scene or of the acting and extreme long shots to achieve a sense of spectacle and distance. His appreciation of the camera’s possibilities produced novel dramatic effects. By splitting an event into fragments and recording each from the most suitable camera position, he could significantly vary the emphasis from camera shot to camera shot.
   Griffith also achieved dramatic effects by means of creative-editing. By juxtaposing images and varying the speed and rhythm of their presentation, he could control the dramatic intensity of the events as the story progressed. Despite the reluctance of his producers, who feared that the public would not be able to follow a plot that was made up of such juxtaposed images, Griffith persisted, and experimented as well with other elements of cinematic syntax that have become standard ever since. These included the flashback, permitting broad psychological and emotional exploration, as well as narrative that was not chronological, and the crosscut between two parallel actions to heighten suspense and excitement. In thus exploiting fully the possibilities of editing, Griffith transposed devices of the Victorian novel to film and gave film mastery of time as well as space.
   Besides developing the cinema’s language, Griffith immensely broadened its range and treatment of subjects. His early output was remarkably eclectic: it included not only the standard comedies, melodramas, westerns, and thrillers, but also such novelties as adaptations from Browning and Tennyson, and treatments of social issues. As his successes mounted, his ambitions grew, and with them the whole of American cinema. When he remade Enoch Arden in 1911, he insisted that a subject of such importance could not be treated in the then conventional length of one reel. Griffith’s introduction of the American-made multi-reel picture began an immense revolution. Two years later, Judith of Bethulea, an elaborate historico-philosophical spectacle, reached the unprecedented length of four reels, or one hour’s running time. From our contemporary viewpoint, the pretensions of this film may seem a trifle ludicrous, but at the time it provoked endless debate and discussion and gave a new intellectual respectability to the cinema. [br] It can be inferred from the passage that Griffith would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements?
选项 A、The good director will attempt to explore new ideas as quickly as possible.
B、The most important element contributing to a film’s success is the ability of the actors.
C、The camera must be considered an integral and active element in the creation of a film.
D、The cinema should emphasize serious and sober examinations of fundamental human problems.
答案 A
解析 根据文章内容可知，格里菲斯对电影事业作出了巨大的开创性贡献，所以，他 应该赞同“好的导演应该努力尽可能领先地追求新思想”的观点。其他三项表述与原文内容 相去甚远，意思分别为：电影成功与否最重要的因素取决于演员的能力；一定要把摄像机视 为电影创作必不可少的积极要素；电影应该突出强调对人类最基本的问题进行严肃清醒的反 思。据此判断，答案是A。
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