首页
登录
职称英语
In Second Nature, Nobel Prize-winning neuroscientist Gerald Edelman argues t
In Second Nature, Nobel Prize-winning neuroscientist Gerald Edelman argues t
游客
2025-04-17
11
管理
问题
In Second Nature, Nobel Prize-winning neuroscientist Gerald Edelman argues that the brain and mind are unified, but he has little patience with the claim that the brain is a computer. Fortunately for the general reader, his explanations of brain function are accessible, reinforced by concrete examples and metaphors.
Edelman suggests that thanks to the recent development of instruments capable of measuring brain structure within millimeters and brain activity within milliseconds, perceptions, thoughts, memories, willed acts, and other mind matters traditionally considered private and impenetrable to scientific scrutiny now can be correlated with brain activity. Our consciousness ( a "first-person affair" displaying intentionality, reflecting beliefs and desires, etc. ), our creativity, even our value systems, have a basis in brain function.
The author describes three unifying insights that correlate mind matters with brain activity. First, even distant neurons will establish meaningful connections (circuits) if their patterns are synchronized. Second, experience can either strengthen or weaken synapses (neuronal connections) . Finally, there is reentry, the continued signaling from one brain region to another and back again along massively parallel nerve fibers.
Edelman concedes that neurological explanations for consciousness and other aspects of mind are not currently available, but he is confident that they will be soon. Meanwhile, he is comfortable hazarding a guess: "All of our mental life...is based on the structure and dynamics of our brain. " Despite this optimism about the explanatory powers of neuro-science, Edelman acknowledges the pitfalls in attempting to explain all aspects of the mind in neurological terms. Indeed, culture—not biology—is the primary determinant of the brain’s evolution, and has been since the emergence of language, he notes.
However, I was surprised to learn that he considers Sigmund Freud as "the key expositor of the effects of unconscious processes on behavior. " Such a comment ignores how slightly Freud’s conception of the unconscious, with its emphasis on sexuality and aggression, resembles the cognitive unconscious studied by neuroscientists.
Still, Second Nature is well worth reading. It serves as a bridge between the traditionally separate camps of "hard" science and the humanities. Readers without at least some familiarity with brain science will likely find the going difficult at certain points. Nonetheless, Edelman has achieved his goal of producing a provocative exploration of "how we come to know the world and ourselves. " [br] Edelman firmly believes that______.
选项
A、mind matters will eventually be explained from a neurological perspective
B、experience will have an ill effect on neuronal connections
C、distant neurons will help synchronize their firing pattern
D、brain signals will repeatedly go from one brain region to another
答案
A
解析
题目问:埃德尔曼有怎样的观点。根据文中第四段首句“Edelman concedes that neurological explanations...but he is confident that they will be soon.”可知,埃德尔曼承认,从神经学的角度对意识和思维的其他方面所作的说明目前还没有得到应用,但是他确信很快会用到这些学说。据此可以推知,A项为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4041331.html
相关试题推荐
Anthony’s______expressionmaskedanessentialcheerfulnature.A、jubilantB、inevi
Afterafewshortbutinterminableseconds,U.S.AstronautNeilArmstrongplace
GiventhepersistentandintransigentnatureoftheAmericanracesystem,which
Discussingtheprobabilityofanotherworldwar,Woolfarguesthatwomenwithjo
IsecondMr.Smith’smotionthatwe______aspecialboardtoexaminetheproblem.
Weshallprobablyneverbeableto______theexactnatureofthesesub-atomicpar
Weneedonehundredmoresignaturesbeforewetakethe______tothegovernor.A、pl
Anthony’s______expressionmaskedanessentialcheerfulnature.A、jubilantB、inevi
Inthesecondhalfofeachyear,manypowerfulstormsareborninthetropic
Inthesecondhalfofeachyear,manypowerfulstormsareborninthetropic
随机试题
TheEmergingOnlineGiantsTheymaynothavethenamere
Onceyouarehiredbyacompany,youwillprobablyhavebusinesscards.Abu
当呼吸频率加快肺泡通气量则随之增加。()
A.6~18g B.0.5~1.5g C.0.1~0.3g D.0.06~
多数补体灭活温度及时间是A.-30℃,30min B.56℃,30min C
A.胸骨左缘第二肋间隙 B.胸骨右缘第二肋间隙 C.胸骨左缘近剑突处 D.
行道树定点,行位必须准确,大约( )钉一控制木桩。(2010年试题) A、每
宫底高度在脐与剑突之间,妊娠周数应是()。A.16周末 B.20周末 C.
某人投保了人身意外伤害保险,在回家的路上被汽车撞伤送往医院,在其住院治疗期间因心
商业银行的市场风险包括()。A.利率风险 B.商品价格风险 C.汇率风险
最新回复
(
0
)