首页
登录
职称英语
"Governments that want their people to prosper in the burgeoning world econo
"Governments that want their people to prosper in the burgeoning world econo
游客
2025-04-09
25
管理
问题
"Governments that want their people to prosper in the burgeoning world economy should guarantee two basic rights:the right to private property and the fight to enforceable contracts",says Mancur Olson in his book Power and Prosperity. Olson was an economics professor at the University of Maryland until his death in 1998.
Some have argued that such fights are merely luxuries that wealthy societies bestow,but Olson turns that argument around and asserts that such rights are essential to creating wealth. "Incomes are low in most of the countries of the world,in short,because the people in those countries do not have secure individual rights," he says.
"Certain simple economic activities,such as food gathering and making handicrafts,rely mostly on individual labor; property is not necessary. But more advanced activities,such as the mass production of goods,require machines and factories and offices. This production is often called capital-intensive,but it is really property-intensive", Olson observes.
"No one would normally engage in capital-intensive production if he or she did not have rights that kept the valuable capital from being taken by bandits,whether roving or stationary," he argues. "There is no private property without government—individuals may have possessions,the way a dog possesses a bone,but there is private property only if the society protects and defends a private right to that possession against other private parties and against the government as well."
Would-be entrepreneurs.no matter how small,also need a government and court system that will make sure people honor their contracts. In fact,the banking systems relied on by developed nations are based on just such an enforceable contract system. "We would not deposit our money in banks...,if we could not rely on the bank having to honor its contract with us,and the bank would not be able to make the profits it needs to stay in business if it could not enforce its loan contracts with borrowers," Olson writes.
Other economists have argued that the poor economies of Third World and communist countries are the result of governments setting both prices and the quantities of goods produced rather than letting a free market determine them. Olson agrees there is some merit to this point of view,but he argues that government intervention is not enough to explain the poverty of these countries. Rather,the real problem is lack of individual rights that give people incentive to generate wealth. "If a society has clear and secure individual rights.there are strong incentives(刺激,动力)to produce,invest,and engage in mutually advantageous trade,and therefore at least some economic advance," Olson concludes. [br] Which of the following represents Olson’s point of view?
选项
A、Protecting individual property fights encourages wealth building.
B、Only in wealthy societies do people have secure individual rights.
C、Secure individual rights are brought about by the wealth of the society.
D、In some countries,people don’t have secure individual rights because they’re poor.
答案
A
解析
本题的四个选项中,只有A项正确。这可以从文中第二段第一句的后半句推出,即Olson把那个论点翻了个个儿,声称这种权利(财产权)对于创造财富至关重要)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4033872.html
相关试题推荐
Rockclimbingissopopularnowthatmanypeopleareableto______thesteepest
Somepeople______inpartthedefeatoftherevolutioninFranceandGermanyto
Asianeconomiccrisishasonlya_______effectonthelivesofChinesepeople.A
Directions:Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Peoplenever
Experimentingwithhouseholdobjectscanoftengetyoungpeopleintrouble,b
Hisdesireto______otherpeoplehascausedtroubleinhisfamily.A、pleaseB、do
Shypeoplenever______setouttoattractattentionofotherpeople.A、willingly
Disabledpeoplearenowabletocareformanyoftheirownneeds,______educati
Thereisahighjobmobilityamongyoungpeopleastheywill______workoneday
Whenpeoplearestruckbylightening,theyfalltothegroundasthoughthey
随机试题
TheRedCrossisaninternationalorganization,whichcaresforpeoplewhoa
中国是世界上公认发明指南针的国家。早在2400多年前,中国人就创造出世界上最早的指南针。后来经过不断改进,到宋朝(theSongDynasty)人们
WASTstandsfor______.A、WesternAustraliaSupplyandTransportB、WebsterAptitu
[originaltext]Now,listentoPartTwooftheinterview.W:Absolutely.(6-1)But
A.心率加快 B.体循环静脉淤血 C.毛细血管通透性增高 D.肺淤血,肺水
男性,52岁,原发性肝癌患者,行肝右叶切除术。术后护理中预防肝断面出血的措施是
以下取气样的方法不正确的是()。(A)转动三通阀,用气体继电器内的气体冲
以下哪种情况属于认知策略()A.为了记住要点.看书时划出关键词 B.学生
下列各项中著作与作者对应不正确的是()A.《广义相对论基础》爱因斯坦 B.《
某心理治疗师在路上遇到一位治疗过的患者及其同事,上前过去打招呼,并询问患者最近的
最新回复
(
0
)