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  3. Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture.Th

Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture.Th

游客2025-04-07  22
问题     Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture.Think of Gallileo’s 17th century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake’s harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton.The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.
    Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics—but no longer.As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked "antiscience" in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R.Gross, a biologist at the University of Verginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as "The Flight from Science and Reason," held in New York City in 1995, and "Science in the Age of (Mis) information," which assembled last June near Buffalo.
    Antiscience clearly means different things to different people.Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned science’s objectivity.Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.
    A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
    Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unbomber, those manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological Utopia.But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in U.S.News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.
    The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics.The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.
    Indeed, some observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless."The term ’antiscience’ can lump together too many, quite different things," notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti Science."They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened." [br] The word "schism" (Line 3, Para.1) in the context probably means______.
选项 A、confrontation
B、dissatisfaction
C、separation
D、contempt
答案 C
解析 本题可参照文章的第1段。从中可知，科学与文化的其他方面关系一向紧张；然后列举了伽利略的受审和威廉·布莱克对艾萨克·牛顿的尖刻批评这两个例子来说明这一问题；最后一句话指出：在本世纪，如果说有什么不同的话，那就是，科学与人文科学之间的裂痕更加深了。据此可知，“schism”一词在上下文中的意思应该是“分裂"。C项与文章的意思相符，因此C项为正确答案。
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