2. 职称英语
  3. An "obvious and striking feature of the late twentieth century world, " note

An "obvious and striking feature of the late twentieth century world, " note

游客2025-04-06  23
问题     An "obvious and striking feature of the late twentieth century world, " notes Sally Price in her book Primitive Art in Civilized Places, is the accessibility of its diverse cultures to those who enjoy membership in Western society. " Westerners can travel with relative ease to even the remotest comers of human civilization or stay at home and watch exotic images of world diversity on the television and movie screen. The world market system assures those who have the financial resources that they can buy just about anything from anywhere. Heidegger, also thinking on this phenomenon, says, "Yet the frantic abolition of all distances brings no nearness; for nearness does not consist in shortness of distance. What is least remote from us in point of distance, by virtue of its picture on film or its sound on the radio, can remain far from us. What is incalculably far from us in point of distance can be near to us. " Western technology and the market economy are shrinking the world, bringing the West closer to other peoples, and other previously accessible regions of the earth. Yet this dramatic global change has not opened the West to difference, either the nonhuman differences of the earth or the cultural differences of nonwestern peoples. On the contrary, the expansion of the West and the resultant "small world" is still, as in colonial days, primarily a movement of domination. It depends on the exploitation of the land and organic life, and the exploitation of the labor and lives of the majority of the earth’s peoples. Because the oppressions of the earth, of women, and of those who do not belong to "the abstract dominant non- group" called whites are intimately related and reinforce one another, caring for women and for the earth cannot be separated from caring for diverse human communities.
    Western economic development, Vandana Shiva explains, is supposed to be a model of progress for the so-called Third World that would improve productivity and growth. However, western development, as capital accumulation and commercialization of the economy for the generation of surplus and various and as natural resource utilization, emerged in the context of colonization, industrialization, and capitalist growth. This notion of economic development has been falsely universalized and applied, with disastrous results, to the entirely different context to attempting to satisfy basic needs of newly independent world peoples. Western so-called development in Third World countries has generated profit of various multinational corporations, created internal colonialism, undermined sustainable lifestyles, destroyed local ecologies and has, as a result, created true material property.
    From a western perspective, if a people do not anticipate in the market economy and do not consume western-style commodities produced for and distributed through the market, they are regarded as living in poverty. Because, moreover, from a western perspective, production and development take place only when mediated by technologies for commodity production and profit, such peoples are considered underdeveloped and unproductive. However, for most indigenous peoples, for example, maintaining an ecologically balanced connection to their land is much more essential to their being and culture than the land’s monetary value and its so called natural resources. [br] What is Vandana Shiva’s view about western economic development?
选项 A、It should be a model of progress for all the developed countries.
B、It would be balancing profit and production in an ecological way.
C、It may not be adaptable to the Third World countries.
D、It could be a disaster for people in the market economy.
答案 D
解析 范达娜·席娃对西方经济发展持什么态度?西方经济发展可能给从事市场经济的人带来灾难。根据第二段，这种经济发展的概念被错误地普及和运用，产生了灾难性后果。
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