首页
登录
职称英语
War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward agg
War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward agg
游客
2025-03-27
21
管理
问题
War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality (守卫地盘的天性) are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate (天生的) survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence cannot be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical patterns within which human violence has been directed.
The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. In a state controlled legal system, individuals are removed from the cycle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the state assumes responsibility for their protection.
The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus while the one protects the individual from violence; the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. Times of war test a community’s deepest religious and ethical commitments. [br] What can we learn from the last paragraph?
选项
A、Governments tend to abuse their supreme Power in times of war.
B、In times of war governments may extend their power across national borders.
C、In times of war governments impose high religious and ethical standards on their people.
D、Governments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the state in times of war.
答案
D
解析
最后一段的主旨较为明显,说的是国家司法机器的另一方面,即军事机器,开头第二句说得很明确,这一方面是为了国家的利益而牺牲个人,因此正确选项是D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4014985.html
相关试题推荐
Whenimaginativementurntheireyestowardsspaceandwonderwhetherlifee
Whenimaginativementurntheireyestowardsspaceandwonderwhetherlifee
Warmaybeanaturalexpressionofbiologicalinstinctanddrivestowardagg
Warmaybeanaturalexpressionofbiologicalinstinctanddrivestowardagg
Warmaybeanaturalexpressionofbiologicalinstinctanddrivestowardagg
Toclaimsupernaturalpowersandthenbecaughtindirtyacts—sexuallyabusi
Toclaimsupernaturalpowersandthenbecaughtindirtyacts—sexuallyabusi
Americahasbeenalandofnamingfreedomandself-expression.Whileotherg
Americahasbeenalandofnamingfreedomandself-expression.Whileotherg
Americahasbeenalandofnamingfreedomandself-expression.Whileotherg
随机试题
Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook_____coverisblack?A、whichB、whoseC、thatD、
Volcanoes—Earth-shatteringNewsA)Volcanoesaretheultimate
在预制装配式钢筋混凝土楼板中实心平板的板厚一般为()。A.40~70mm B.
女性腹腔最低部位是A.膀胱直肠窝 B.肝肾间隙 C.子宫直肠窝 D.脾肾间
下列结构组成中,属于桥梁下部结构的有()。A.桩基础 B.承台 C
一、二级动火工作票签发人应是经本单位[动火单位或设备运维管理单位(部门)]考试合
(2016年真题)与购买股票相比,部分投资者更愿意投资房地产的主要原因是()。
对房地产估价总的要求有(),这应作为房地产估价的最高原则。A.合法 B.
“如果我理解正确的话,你说的意思是……”,这属于()A:开放式提问 B:封闭式
上世纪60年代,印度政府大力推广高产的进口水稻,新的品种很快取代了原有地方品种。
最新回复
(
0
)