首页
登录
职称英语
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by econom
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by econom
游客
2025-02-27
8
管理
问题
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society make it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice the principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation, either by the law of nature or by those of society.
The opinions are outdated, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility. In all western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, in other words, one can claim this subsistence minimum without having to have any "reason". I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let’s say two years, so as to avoid the encouragement of an abnormal attitude which refuses any kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think, our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness. In human nature, actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless, from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would be sufficiently interesting and attractive in order to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it ; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees; its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life. [br] People used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to ___________.
选项
A、the slow development of the economy
B、the poor and jobless people’s own faults
C、the lack of responsibility on the part of society
D、the large number of people who were not well-educated
答案
B
解析
人们之前认为,贫困和失业是自己犯下的过错。根据第一段第四句“The opinions are outdated, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility.”可知,100年前就有这样的观点:穷人把自己的处境归咎于无知和不负责任,但这样的观点已经过时,故选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3975762.html
相关试题推荐
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
保护环境和发展经济一样重要。Protectingtheenvironmentisasimportantasdevelopingeconomy.
Thetheoryhehadstuck________tobetrue.A、provedB、toprovingC、toproveD、to
Twohundredmultiplesofsevenarechosenatrandom,and300multiplesofeight
Threehundredmultiplesofthreearepickedatrandom,andthreehundredmultipl
Itwasonceassumedthatalllivingthingscouldbedividedintotwofundamental
Forhundredsofyears,pearldivershavegatheredpearlsdirectlyfrommollusks
随机试题
[originaltext]M:Haveyounoticedthebulletinboard?Susangetsthescholarshi
In1992,StellaLiebeckorderedacupofcoffeefromMcDonald’sandaccidenta
某地夏季炎热,冬季温暖且雨量充沛,则该地气候分区可划分为()。A.1-3-2
下列哪项不是肺气肿的X线表现A、中、下肺野毛玻璃样密度增高阴影 B、肺体积膨大
磁石具有的功效是A、潜阳安神 B、养心安神 C、解郁安神 D、祛痰止咳
头痛恶寒,身重疼痛,肢体倦怠,面色淡黄,胸闷不饥,午后身热,苔白不渴,脉弦细而濡
共用题干 HighwaysintheUSTheUnitedState
休克时血压下降的主要机制是A:心功能不全 B:外周动脉紧张度不足 C:交感神
我国宪法规定,()的人大代表,由选民直接选举产生。 A.乡、民族乡、镇B.县
大家往往认为,穿着深色面料的衣服,由于衣服大量吸收外界的热量,人们就会感到十分闷
最新回复
(
0
)