首页
登录
职称英语
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by econom
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by econom
游客
2025-02-27
16
管理
问题
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society make it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice the principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation, either by the law of nature or by those of society.
The opinions are outdated, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility. In all western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, in other words, one can claim this subsistence minimum without having to have any "reason". I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let’s say two years, so as to avoid the encouragement of an abnormal attitude which refuses any kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think, our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness. In human nature, actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless, from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would be sufficiently interesting and attractive in order to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it ; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees; its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life. [br] People used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to ___________.
选项
A、the slow development of the economy
B、the poor and jobless people’s own faults
C、the lack of responsibility on the part of society
D、the large number of people who were not well-educated
答案
B
解析
人们之前认为,贫困和失业是自己犯下的过错。根据第一段第四句“The opinions are outdated, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility.”可知,100年前就有这样的观点:穷人把自己的处境归咎于无知和不负责任,但这样的观点已经过时,故选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3975762.html
相关试题推荐
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconom
保护环境和发展经济一样重要。Protectingtheenvironmentisasimportantasdevelopingeconomy.
Thetheoryhehadstuck________tobetrue.A、provedB、toprovingC、toproveD、to
Twohundredmultiplesofsevenarechosenatrandom,and300multiplesofeight
Threehundredmultiplesofthreearepickedatrandom,andthreehundredmultipl
Itwasonceassumedthatalllivingthingscouldbedividedintotwofundamental
Forhundredsofyears,pearldivershavegatheredpearlsdirectlyfrommollusks
随机试题
Checkinginformation核实信息CanIjustchecksomethinghere,Derek?Ihaveaque
Thewordconservationhasathriftymeaning.Toconserveistosaveandprote
Nosooner______steppedoutofthehallthanitbegantorain.A、hadwe.B、havew
[originaltext]EverydayakeeperatPragueZooleadshalfadozenbabyflamingo
左侧舌下神经损伤可导致( )A.不能伸舌 B.伸舌时舌尖偏向左侧
血管扩张药中适用于前负荷加重为主,肺淤血明显者的药物是( )。A.硝酸甘油
一般来说,如果交易者资金规模较小,则对应的期货合约的交易单位就可以设计得大一些。
劳务输出:是指生产力水平底,生活条件较差的国家和地区,为了积累资金,开拓视野,吸
2015年1-10月,上海原煤产量约为( )万吨。A.1340 B.12
下列不属于行政诉讼受案范围的是:()A.张某不服A区行政机关对其民事纠纷作出的
最新回复
(
0
)