2. 职称英语
  3. Following the United States Civil War (1861-1865), many former slaves in the

Following the United States Civil War (1861-1865), many former slaves in the

游客2025-02-19  9
问题     Following the United States Civil War (1861-1865), many former slaves in the rural South became sharecroppers (raising a landlord’s crop for a share of the profits) or tenant farmers (selling what they raised and paying a share of the profits as rent). Most historians tend to depict these African Americans as victims of racism and the farm tenancy system. This approach, however, overlooks the role played by such African American rural reformers as Robert Lloyd Smith, founder of the Farmers’ Improvement Society of Texas, and Joseph Elward Clayton, the first African American to organize farmers’ institutes for the Texas Department of Agriculture. Both men advocated comfortable homes and better schools for African Americans; both attributed poverty and illiteracy to causes other than racism, such as insect damage to crops; and both worked to keep Black farmers on the land, although Smith opposed farm tenancy. Both were also accused by their contemporaries of downplaying the devastating impact of the farm tenancy system on Black farmers and of accommodating racism. While the extent of these reformers’ influence requires more study, clearly their organizations provided a voice for African American farmers seeking to improve their positions in the agrarian South. [br] The author of the passage would most likely agree with which of the following statements concerning Smith and Clayton?
选项 A、More research is required to determine whether or not their organizations were typical of those established to aid African American farmers in the post-Civil War rural South.
B、Their contributions to the improvement of the living conditions of African American farmers were overshadowed by subsequent political controversy.
C、Their achievements as reformers have been exaggerated by many historians of the post-Civil War period.
D、There is evidence demonstrating that they committed to aiding African American farmers in the rural South.
E、The extent of the criticisms made about them by their contemporaries is difficult to determine.
答案 D
解析 对应最后一句。A项根据最后一句的让步部分，需要进一步研究的是他们的影响力，而非他们的组织是否典型。B项文中未提及political controversy。C项这两个人被同时代的历史学家所批评，而非夸大。E项根据最后一句可知，这些改革家的影响力是难以评估的，未提及对其批评的程度难以评估。
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