首页
登录
职称英语
Research into self-awareness consistently shows that most people think and sp
Research into self-awareness consistently shows that most people think and sp
游客
2025-01-15
20
管理
问题
Research into self-awareness consistently shows that most people think and speak highly of themselves. Time and again, subjects see positive traits as more self-descriptive than negative ones, they rate themselves more highly than they rate others, they rate themselves more highly than they are rated by others, they overestimate their contribution to team efforts, and they exaggerate their control over life events. It’s not that we consciously flatter ourselves, either. The response is more like a mindless reflex. In fact, when subjects are busy or distracted as they make self-ratings, the judgments they come up with are quicker and even more favorable.
Most people also exhibit "unrealistic optimism", a tendency to predict a uniquely bright and rosy future for themselves. College students asked to predict their own future compared to that of their classmates believed, on average, that they were more likely to graduate higher in their class, get a better job, earn a higher salary, have a happier marriage, and bear a gifted child. They also believed that they were less likely to get fired, become depressed, become involved in a car accident, or suffer from a heart attack. Many other examples illustrate this point—as when voters predict that their favored candidate will prevail and sports fans bet on their favorite teams to win.
Psychologists used to agree that an accurate perception of reality is vital to mental health. More and more, however, this view is being challenged by research on positive illusions. Are these illusions a sign of well-being or symptoms of disorder?
In 1988 two psychologists reviewed the relevant research and noticed that people who are mildly depressed or low in self-esteem have less inflated and sometimes more realistic views of themselves than do others who are better adjusted. Their self-appraisals are more likely to match appraisals of them made by neutral others, they are less likely to exaggerate their control over uncontrollable events, and they make more balanced predictions about the future. Based on these results, psychologists arrived at the provocative conclusion that when it comes to the self, positive illusions—not accurate perceptions of reality—promote health and well-being. In their words, "these illusions help make each individual’s world a warmer and more active and beneficent place in which to live." In fact, research involving people under stress—such as people with serious illnesses—shows that perceived control, optimism, and other positive beliefs are "health protective" psychological resources that help people cope with adversity.
Others are not so sure that eternal optimists are better off than hard realists. They argue that positive illusions can give rise to chronic patterns of self-destruction—as when people escape from self-awareness through the use of drugs and deny health-related problems until it s too late for treatment. In studies of interpersonal relations, people with inflated rather than realistic views of themselves were rated less favorably on certain dimensions by their own friends. In these studies, self-enhancing men were seen as assertive and ambitious, which are OK, but also as boastful, condescending, hostile, and inconsiderate. Self-enhancing women were seen as more hostile, more defensive and sensitive to criticism, more likely to overreact to minor setbacks, and less well liked by others. Consistent with these findings, other research shows that people filled with high self-esteem are more likely to lash out angrily in response to criticism, rejection, and other bruises to the ego. The result. People with inflated self-images may make a good first impression on others but they are liked less and less as time wears on. [br] In paragraph 2,the author mentions college students, voters, and sports fans to support the point that______.
选项
A、most people tend to be optimistic
B、certain people lose their optimism quickly
C、education plays a role in how people view the future
D、college students differ from people in the general population
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3914307.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Manypeopleintheworldwalktoworkortoschool.Theyhave
[originaltext]Manypeopleintheworldwalktoworkortoschool.Theyhave
[originaltext]Manypeopleintheworldwalktoworkortoschool.Theyhave
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.But
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.But
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.But
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.But
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.But
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.But
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.But
随机试题
[originaltext]W:Accordingtosociologists,Americansocietyhaschangeddramat
下列关于灭火器的选择应考虑的因素有()。A.灭火器配置场所的火灾种类
患儿,5岁,2天前出现寒战高热,右侧胫骨疼痛和深压痛,被高度怀疑为急性化脓性骨髓
关于凡士林基质的表述错误的是A.凡士林是由多种相对分子质量的烃类组成的半固体状混
下列选项中,()不是我国国民经济行业分类国家标准中的级别。A.种类 B
建设单位应当将大型的人员密集场所和其他特殊建筑工程的消防设计文件报送公安机关消防
基金资产估值引起的资产价值变动应作为公允价值变动损益计入资本公积。()
根据税法规定,主管税务机关应对纳税人采取核定征收方式征收个人所得税的情形包括(
关于管线工程的测量,说法正确的是()A可根据地面上已有建筑物进行管线定位
某学校新校区建设内容包括教学楼、运动场、实验楼三部分,关于编制该学校新校区建设项
最新回复
(
0
)