首页
登录
职称英语
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most
游客
2025-01-13
36
管理
问题
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most of whom are women, were somewhat limited. The factors favoring unionization drives seem to have been either the presence of large numbers of workers, as in New York City, to make it worth the effort, or the concentration of small numbers in one or two locations, such as a hospital, to make it relatively easy. Receptivity to unionization on the workers’ part was also a consideration, but when there were large numbers involved or the clerical workers were the only unorganized group in a jurisdiction, the multioccupational unions would often try to organize them regardless of the workers’ initial receptivity. The strategic reasoning was based, first, on the concern that politicians and administrators might play off unionized against nonunionized workers, and, second, on the conviction that a fully unionized public work force meant power, both at the bargaining table and in the legislature. In localities where clerical workers were few in number, were scattered in several workplaces, and expressed no interest in being organized, unions more often than not ignored them in the pre-1975 period.
But since the mid-1970s, a different strategy has emerged. In 1977, 34 percent of government clerical workers were represented by a labor organization, compared with 46-percent of government professionals, 44 percent of government blue-collar workers, and 41 percent of government service workers. Since then, however, the biggest increases in public-sector unionization have been among clerical workers. Between 1977 and 1980, the number of unionized government workers in blue-collar and service occupations increased only about 1.5 percent, while in the white-collar occupations the increase was 20 percent and among clerical workers in particular, the increase was 22 percent.
What accounts for this upsurge in unionization among clerical workers? First, more women have entered the work force in the past few years, and more of them plan to remain working until retirement age. Consequently, they are probably more concerned than their predecessors were about job security and economic benefits. Also, the women’s movement has succeeded in legitimizing the economic and political activism of women on their own behalf, thereby producing a more positive attitude toward unions. The absence of any comparable increase in unionization among private-sector clerical workers, however, identifies the primary catalyst—the structural change in the multioccupational public-sector unions themselves. Over the past twenty years, the occupational distribution in these unions has been steadily shifting from predominantly blue-collar to predominantly white-collar. Because there are far more women in white-collar jobs, an increase in the proportion of female members has accompanied the occupational shift and has altered union policy-making in favor of organizing women and addressing women’s issues. [br] The author’s claim that a new strategy has emerged in the unionization of public sector clerical workers since the mid-1970s would be strengthened if the author______.
选项
A、described more fully the attitudes of clerical workers toward labor unions
B、compared the organizing strategies employed by private-sector unions with those of public-sector unions
C、explained why politicians and administrators sometimes oppose unionization of clerical workers
D、indicated that the number of unionized public-sector clerical workers was increasing even before the mid-1970s
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3910585.html
相关试题推荐
Priorto1975,unioneffortstoorganizepublic-sectorclericalworkers,most
Priorto1975,unioneffortstoorganizepublic-sectorclericalworkers,most
Priorto1975,unioneffortstoorganizepublic-sectorclericalworkers,most
______[br][originaltext]Britain’syoungerworkershavebeenhitespecial
Itispopulartolamentthegrowinggapbetweencapitalistsandworkers.Ino
Itispopulartolamentthegrowinggapbetweencapitalistsandworkers.Ino
Atlasthereffortsborefruit.BurtonwasappointedtoSantos,inBrazil,w
[originaltext] SINGAPORE—SingaporesaidonTuesdayitwouldorganizeacontest
Federaleffortstoaidminoritybusinessesbeganinthe1960’swhentheSmall
Atlasthereffortsborefruit.BurtonwasappointedtoSantos,inBrazil,wh
随机试题
【B1】[br]【B8】A、21hoursB、21-hourC、21-hoursBHereturnedtotheearthaftera
TheAmericandefinitionofsuccessislargelyoneofacquiringwealthanda
Unlesstheproblemoftalentsandfundsissolved,talkingaboutthetaskisuse
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDONLYforeachanswer.
Itcanbetemptingtohidefromthepeople,placesandtaskswhichmakelife
青少年异性交往的原则是( )A.自然适度 B.克服羞怯 C.真实坦诚 D
根据资源税的有关规定,下列表述正确的有()。A.纳税人开采或者生产不同税目的应
能提高人的注意力和警惕性,使人处于一种有益于学习的状态,有助于应付各种情境和总结
问卷调查方法中,一般采用的问卷发放方式是( )。A.书刊刊载 B.邮寄发放
班级授课制首行于()的欧洲。 A.15世纪B.16世纪 C.
最新回复
(
0
)