首页
登录
职称英语
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized
游客
2025-01-05
19
管理
问题
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an American, Lewis Terman, a psychology professor at Stanford, who thought to divide a test taker’s "mental age", as revealed by that score, by his or her chronological age to derive a number that he called the "intelligence quotient", or IQ. It would be hard to think of a pop-scientific coinage that has had a greater impact of the way people think about themselves and others.
No country embraced the IQ--and the application of IQ testing to restructure society--more thoroughly than the U.S.. Every year millions of Americans have their IQ measured, many with a direct descendant of Binet’s original test, the Stanford-Binet, although not necessarily for the purpose Binet intended. He developed his test as a way of identifying public school students who needed extra help in learning, and that is still one of its leading uses.
But the broader and more controversial use of IQ testing has its roots in a theory of intelligence--part science, part sociology --that developed in the late 19th century, before Binte’s work and entirely separate from it. Championed first by Charles Darwin’ s cousin Francis Galton, it held that intelligence was the most valuable human attribute, and that if people who had a lot of it could be identified and put in leadership positions, all of society would benefit.
Terman believed IQ tests should be used to conduct a great sorting out of the population, so that young people would be assigned on the basis of their scores to particular levels in the school system, which would lead to corresponding socioeconomic destinations in adult life. The beginning of the IQ-testing movement overlapped with the eugenics movement--hugely popular in America and Europe among the "better sort" before Hitler gave it a bad name--which held that intelligence was mostly inherited and that people-deficient in it should be discouraged from reproducing. The state sterilization that Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes notoriously endorsed in a 1927 Supreme Court decision was done with an IQ score as justification.
The American IQ promoters scored a great coup during World War I when they persuaded the Army to give IQ tests to 1.7 million inductees. It was the world’s first mass administration of an intelligence test, and many of the standardized tests in use today can be traced back to it: the now ubiquitous and obsessed-over SAT(Study Ability Test); the Wechsler, taken by several million people a year, according to its publisher; and Terman’ s own National Intelligence Test, originally used in tracking elementary school children. All these tests took from the Army the basic technique of measuring intelligence mainly by asking vocabulary questions (synonyms, antonyms, analogies, reading comprehension). [br] IQ test is origin ally used to ______.
选项
A、find out the students who need extra help in learning
B、assign young people to different majors
C、select the acceptable recruits for army
D、select the leaders for society
答案
A
解析
见第四段,overlap意为重合、交迭,刚开始,IQ测试同优生运动交迭。故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3899543.html
相关试题推荐
AFrenchman,thepsychologistAlfredBinet,publishedthefirststandardized
AFrenchman,thepsychologistAlfredBinet,publishedthefirststandardized
AFrenchman,thepsychologistAlfredBinet,publishedthefirststandardized
[originaltext]NewresearchintoglobalwarmingpublishedinthejournalScie
TheKingJamesVersionoftheBiblewaspublishedin______.A、1611B、1621C、1631
AsaprobingpsychologistheistheunrivalledmasteramongalllivingBriti
From1732to175Franklinwroteandpublishedhisfamous______,anannualcollec
AnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagewaspublishedin1828by______.A
JoyceCarolOatespublishedherfirstcollectionofshortstoriesByTheNorth
AFrenchman,thepsychologistAlfredBinet,publishedthefirststandardizedt
随机试题
Thesinglegreatestshiftinthehistoryofmass-communicationtechnologyocc
TowardstheendofThinking,FastandSlow,DanielKahnemanlamentsthathe
Thescienceofgeneticsisaflourishingnewindustry,nourishedbythefede
Bobbywassofatthathecouldonlyjust______throughthedoor.A、assembleB、sq
[originaltext]HowlongisJim’swifegoingtostaybythesea?[/originaltext]A、
[originaltext]M:I’mgoingtotalktoyounowaboutthesuffragettemovement.W
在筹资渠道方面,特别强化( )责任。A.政府 B.企业 C.乡镇机关单位
影响青少年身心发展的因素有很多,其中起主导作用的是()A.家庭影响 B.学校
机体处于寒冷环境时,甲状腺激素分泌增多属于()。A.神经调节 B.自身调节
与横道图进度计划相比,单代号网络进度计划的特点有( )。A.形象直观,能直接反映
最新回复
(
0
)