2. 职称英语
  3. Early anthropologists, following the theory that words determine thought, b

Early anthropologists, following the theory that words determine thought, b

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问题     Early anthropologists, following the theory that words determine
thought, believed that language and its structure were entirely dependent on
the cultural context in which they existed. This was a logical extension of
that is termed the Standard Social Science Model, which views the human(1)______
mind like a structure capable of absorbing any sort of culture without(2)______
constraints from genetic or neurological factors. In this vein, anthropologist
Verne Ray conducted a study in the 1950’s, giving color samples to different
American Indian tribes and asking them to give the names of the colors. He
concluded that the spectrum we see it as "green", "yellow", etc.(3)______
were an entirely arbitrary division, and each culture divided the spectrum(4)______
separately. According to this hypothesis, the divisions seen between colors
are a consequence of the language we learn, and do not correspond to
divisions in the natural world. A similar hypothesis is upheld in the extreme(5)______
popular study of Eskimo words for snow—common stories vary from fifty to
upward of two hundred. Extreme cultural relativism of this type has now(6)______
been clearly refuting. Eskimos use at most twelve different words for snow,(7)______
which is not much more than English speakers and should be expected since(8)______
they exist in a cold climate. The color-relativity hypothesis has now been
completely replaced by more careful, thorough, and systematic studies
which show a remarkable similarity between the ways which different(9)______
cultures divide the spectrum. Of course, there are ways in which culture
really does determine language, or at least certain facets thereof.
Obviously, the ancient Romans did not have the words for radios,(10)______
televisions, or computers because these items were simply not part of their
cultural context. [br] (7)
选项
答案 refuting→refuted
解析 语态错误。该句主语extreme cultural relativism of this type和谓语动词refute之间应为被动关系，故应使用被动结构，将refuting改为过去分词refuted。
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