首页
登录
职称英语
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Disti
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Disti
游客
2024-10-27
34
管理
问题
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames, Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.
British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names.
In fact, over fifty percent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son of Simon", as might be expected.
Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognizable after a little thought: Arther, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day", (Old English for breadmaker) and "Walker" (a fuller whose job was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).
All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking: their meanings are slightly different from the modem ones. "Black" and "White" implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.
Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Milton" (middle enclosure) and "Hilton" (enclosure on a hill). [br] We learn from the first paragraph that ______ for many years after the 13th and 14th centuries.
选项
A、family names became descriptive and occupational
B、people in some areas still had no surnames
C、some people kept changing their surnames
D、all family names fixed in England
答案
C
解析
段落主题推断题。根据第一段最后一句“for many years after that (the l3th and l4th centuries),the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country”,我们可以断定尽管13和14世纪以后姓氏就固定下来了,但有些仍在不断地改变其姓氏,所以C是正确的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3819546.html
相关试题推荐
ThemenandwomenofAnglo-SaxonEnglandnormallyboreonenameonly.Disti
ThemenandwomenofAnglo-SaxonEnglandnormallyboreonenameonly.Disti
WhichofthefollowingcanMr.ButlerNOTbenormallyregardedas?[br][origin
InNewEnglandandelsewheretherearefinedairy,fruit,andvegetablefar
InNewEnglandandelsewheretherearefinedairy,fruit,andvegetablefar
InNewEnglandandelsewheretherearefinedairy,fruit,andvegetablefar
Theyear1400openedwithmorepeacefulnessthanusualinEngland.Onlyafe
Janehasjust______aletterfromafriendofhersinEngland.A、returnedB、answ
ThecolonistsofPlymouth,Massachusetts,whohadsettledtherehadleftEngland
Thecoursenormallyattracts30studentsperyear,______uptohalfwillfromo
随机试题
Drunkendriving—sometimescalledAmerican’ssociallyacceptedformofmurd
[originaltext]Mr.Wangisnotinnow.CanItakeamessageforhim?[/originalte
Morethan15millionAmericansundergosurgeryeachyear,butsomeelective
轴心抗压承载力相同的下列柱,截面积可做得最小的是( )。A.普通钢筋混凝土柱
高钾血症时血钾浓度应大于A.3.0mmol/L B.3.5mmol/L C.
张三投资某原油期权市场。当前价格是99$/桶。他购买了一种合约,该合约规定201
左边给定的是纸盒的外表面,下面哪一项能由它折叠而成? A.如上图所示 B.如
政府土地出让行为应计入政府财政收入。()
2013年7月19日10付息国债24(100024)净价为97.8685,应付利
根据《行政诉讼法》,当事人必须依法履行的发生法律效力的诉讼文书不包括( )。A.
最新回复
(
0
)