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  3. Nord’s Net: "Ways of Knowing" for the Science Classroom I

Nord’s Net: "Ways of Knowing" for the Science Classroom I

游客2024-10-16  28
问题                   Nord’s Net: "Ways of Knowing" for the Science Classroom
     It is apparent that Professor Warren A. Nord has found Eddington’s parable of a fisherman’s net advantageous in supporting his side of an ongoing discussion about religion and science in school curricula. He has employed the story on a number of occasions in various articles. Readers should not carelessly absorb "Nord’s Net," however. Whenever any given allegory finds widespread and frequent employment in intellectual discussion, it deserves some scrutiny -- which is the purpose of this essay.
     You may not be familiar with the net parable, so let’s have Nord himself acquaint you with the tale. The following is a quote that succinctly summarizes both the parable and Nord’s direct application of it. It comes from Taking Religion Seriously Across the Curriculum, by Nord and Haynes.
     The astronomer Arthur Eddington once told a parable about a fisherman who used a net with a three- inch mesh.  After a lifetime of fishing he concluded there were no fish shorter than three inches. Eddington’s moral is that just as one’s fishing net determines what one catches, so it is with conceptual nets: what we find in the ocean of reality depends on the conceptual net we bring to our investigation.
     For example, the modern scientific conceptual net allows scientists to catch only replicable events; the results of any experiment that cannot be replicated are not allowed to stand. This means that miracles, which are by definition singular events, can’t be caught; scientists cannot ask God to replicate the miracle for the sake of a controlled experiment. Or, to take another example, the scientific method requires that evidence for knowledge claims be grounded in sense experience -- the kinds of experience that instruments can measure. But this rules out religious experience as a source of knowledge about the world.
     First I will place Nord’s premises in the context of how two approaches to human understanding -- science’s "replicable events" approach to knowledge, and religion’s "miracles and religious experience" approach -- have interacted over the centuries. Maybe later, I will take up the educational ramifications of implementing his premises in public education. [br] When the author says "scientists cannot ask God to replicate the miracle for the sake of a controlled experiment", he implies that______.
选项 A、scientists can do something that God may not be able to do
B、scientists cannot work miracles, because it is only God that does wonders
C、scientific experiments should not be controlled if we intend to work miracles
D、scientific experiments may not solve all the problems for the sake of experiment
答案 C
解析 根据作者对渔网的寓言理解，正如什么样的渔网捕捉什么样的鱼，什么样的科研方法取得什么样的成果。因为现代科研受到复制求证的科研方法的限制，所以不能创造奇迹。因此，本题答案是C。
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