首页
登录
职称英语
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the class
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the class
游客
2024-09-08
31
管理
问题
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed "intuition" to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise: and to integrate action into the process of thinking.
(2)Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality: others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.
(3)Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an "Aha! " experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes patterns.
(4)One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that "thinking" is inseparable from acting. Since managers often "know" what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert. [br] In the author’s view, senior managers do NOT use intuition to ______.
选项
A、speed up the creation of a solution to a problem
B、identify a problem
C、specify clear goals
D、evaluate possible solutions to a problem
答案
C
解析
细节题。第3段提到了管理者们利用直觉的五种行为模式,将选项与这五种模式对照就可以发现只有选项C没有在文中提到,故答案为C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3749040.html
相关试题推荐
PASSAGETHREETheimportanceofmiddlemanagersandprofessionalworkers.原文第十一段第二
PASSAGETHREE[br]Whatisthemainargumentofthispassage?MoreseniorAmerica
strategies讲座中提到“Tobesuccessfulintheirstudy,studentsmustunderstandthec
speedreading讲座中提到“Thefollowingaresomeguidelinesfromthe‘JustDoIt’school
Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisusedasanadverbial?A、Howmanytimes
Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisusedasapredicative(表语)?A、I’mnow
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesPREDICTION?A、Youmustbebackby10o
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesSUGGESTION?A、Don’tfollowmeallthe
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesPERMISSION?A、Lighteningcanbedanger
WhichofthefollowingunderlinedphrasesindicatesCAUSE?A、Withthefloorweta
随机试题
•Readthearticlebelowaboutbuying-acomputer.•Choosethebestwordtofill
[originaltext]W:Oh,I’mfedupwithmyjob.M:Hey,thereisaperfectjobfor
Areyouthinkingabouttryingoutapoliticalcareerbutyour【C1】______are
Honduranauthorities【D1】______totheprotectionofchildrenandadolescents
马克思主义认为,垄断资本主义发展的历史趋势是()A.生产资料公有制代替
主产于河南的药材是A.防风B.绵马贯众C.三七D.山药E.当归
()通常是指用人单位与劳动者之间在运用劳动者的劳动能力、实现劳动过程中所发生的
A.内分泌失调 B.舔唇不良习惯 C.机体抵抗力下降 D.残根残冠刺激
关于现金管理中现金使用的限额,下列表述正确的有()。A、开户银行应当根据实际需要
(2018年真题)某企业新一届领导班子运用现代企业管理理念,在制定总体目标和进行
最新回复
(
0
)