首页
登录
职称英语
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the
游客
2024-08-08
13
管理
问题
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality components, the sense of trust is not something that develops independent of other manifestations of growth. It is not that infants learn how to use their bodies for purposeful movement, learn to recognize people and objects around them, and also develop a sense of trust. Rather, the concept "sense of trust" is a shortcut expression intended to convey the characteristic flavor of all the child’s satisfying experiences at this early age.
Studies of mentally ill individuals and observations of infants who have been grossly deprived of affection suggest that trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality. Psychiatrists find again and again that the most serious illnesses occur in patients who have been sorely neglected or abused or otherwise deprived of love in infancy.
Observations of infants brought up in emotionally unfavorable institutions or moved to hospitals with inadequate facilities for psychological care support these findings. A recent report says that "Infants under 5 months of age who have been in an institution for some time present a well-defined picture. The outstanding features are listlessness, relative immobility, quietness, poor sleep, an appearance of unhappiness, etc." Another investigation of children separated from their mothers at 6 to 12 months and not provided with an adequate substitute comes to much the same conclusion.
Most significant for our present point, these reactions are most likely to occur in children who, up to the time of separation at 6 to 9 months of age, had a happy relation with their mothers, while those whose relations were unhappy are relatively unaffected. It is at about this age that the struggle between trusting and mistrusting the world comes to a climax, for it is then that children first perceive clearly that they and their environment are things apart. That at this point formerly happy infants should react so badly to separation suggests, indeed, that they had a faith that now has been shattered.
In most primitive societies and in some sections of our own society, the attention accorded infants is more in line with natural processes. Throughout infancy the baby is surrounded by people who are ready to feed it, fondle it, and otherwise comfort it at a moment’s notice. Moreover, these ministrations are given spontaneously and wholeheartedly, and without that element of nervous concern that may characterize the efforts of young mothers made self-conscious and insecure by our scientific age.
We must not exaggerate, however. Most infants in our society too find smiles and comfort. As their own bodies come to be more dependable, there is added to the pleasures of increasing sensory response and motor control the pleasure of the mothers’ encouragement. Then, too, psychologists tell us that mothers create a sense of trust in their children not by the particular techniques they employ but by the sensitiveness with which they respond to the children’s needs and by their overall attitude. [br] According to this passage, the most important factor in developing a sense of trust is ______.
选项
A、the type of techniques used by the mother
B、the sensitivity of the child
C、maternal love
D、the combined effect of natural feeling and cultural attitudes
答案
D
解析
倒数第二段In most primitive societies…is more in line with natural processes以及these ministrations are given spontaneously and wholeheartedly可推断出natural feeling和cultural attitude有助于a sense of trust的形成。故答案为选项D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3710824.html
相关试题推荐
Inmostdevelopedcountries,smallcorporationspayabout32.5percentoftheir
DevelopingEnvironmentalManagementStrategiesStrongandsus
DevelopingEnvironmentalManagementStrategiesStrongandsus
—So,whatexactlydoyoudo?—I’mresponsiblefornewproductdevelopment.Irep
—So,whatexactlydoyoudo?—I’mresponsiblefornewproductdevelopment.Irep
Whyisitsaidthattheeconomyishealthywith20millionunemployed?[br][or
Whyisitsaidthattheeconomyishealthywith20millionunemployed?[br][or
Whyisitsaidthattheeconomyishealthywith20millionunemployed?[br][or
Whyisitsaidthattheeconomyishealthywith20millionunemployed?[original
WhatistheadvantageofthenewtechnologybeingdevelopedbyNurEnergyCompan
随机试题
Ifyouwanttosellyourcomputer,putan(advertise)______inthenewspaper.adver
上位概念和下位概念都是绝对的。()
患者,女,25岁。10分钟前家属发现患者在家中意识不清,四肢强直性痉挛,伴呼吸困
A.红藤B.射干C.鱼腥草D.白头翁E.蒲公英治疗肺痈,宜首选()。
对于原发性甲状腺功能亢进病人,下列哪项是正确的A.TT、TT下降,TSH升高B.
A.随着反应的进行,C的浓度不断增加,A、B的浓度不断减小,所以平衡常数不断增大
在我国社会主义市场经济发展过程中,非公有制经济的作用非常重要,主要体现在(
根据《建设项目环境影响评价分类管理名录》,下列区域中,属于环境敏感区的有()。
关于玻璃幕墙的说话,正确的是( )。A.防火层可以与幕墙玻璃直接接触 B.同
根据《防洪法》,在蓄滞洪区内建设非防洪建设项目,未编制洪水影响评价报告且逾期不改
最新回复
(
0
)