首页
登录
职称英语
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the
游客
2024-08-08
6
管理
问题
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality components, the sense of trust is not something that develops independent of other manifestations of growth. It is not that infants learn how to use their bodies for purposeful movement, learn to recognize people and objects around them, and also develop a sense of trust. Rather, the concept "sense of trust" is a shortcut expression intended to convey the characteristic flavor of all the child’s satisfying experiences at this early age.
Studies of mentally ill individuals and observations of infants who have been grossly deprived of affection suggest that trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality. Psychiatrists find again and again that the most serious illnesses occur in patients who have been sorely neglected or abused or otherwise deprived of love in infancy.
Observations of infants brought up in emotionally unfavorable institutions or moved to hospitals with inadequate facilities for psychological care support these findings. A recent report says that "Infants under 5 months of age who have been in an institution for some time present a well-defined picture. The outstanding features are listlessness, relative immobility, quietness, poor sleep, an appearance of unhappiness, etc." Another investigation of children separated from their mothers at 6 to 12 months and not provided with an adequate substitute comes to much the same conclusion.
Most significant for our present point, these reactions are most likely to occur in children who, up to the time of separation at 6 to 9 months of age, had a happy relation with their mothers, while those whose relations were unhappy are relatively unaffected. It is at about this age that the struggle between trusting and mistrusting the world comes to a climax, for it is then that children first perceive clearly that they and their environment are things apart. That at this point formerly happy infants should react so badly to separation suggests, indeed, that they had a faith that now has been shattered.
In most primitive societies and in some sections of our own society, the attention accorded infants is more in line with natural processes. Throughout infancy the baby is surrounded by people who are ready to feed it, fondle it, and otherwise comfort it at a moment’s notice. Moreover, these ministrations are given spontaneously and wholeheartedly, and without that element of nervous concern that may characterize the efforts of young mothers made self-conscious and insecure by our scientific age.
We must not exaggerate, however. Most infants in our society too find smiles and comfort. As their own bodies come to be more dependable, there is added to the pleasures of increasing sensory response and motor control the pleasure of the mothers’ encouragement. Then, too, psychologists tell us that mothers create a sense of trust in their children not by the particular techniques they employ but by the sensitiveness with which they respond to the children’s needs and by their overall attitude. [br] The sense of trust in an infant is under development when ______.
选项
A、the infant experiences some satisfaction
B、adults’ trust is adequate
C、the infant learns how to move
D、the infant is surrounded by people he can recognize
答案
A
解析
根据第一段最后一句Rather, the concept "sense of trust" …flavor of all the child’s satisfying experiences at this early age,可知选项A为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3710820.html
相关试题推荐
Aftermymotherpassedaway,mydadtriedevenhardertostayhealthyandac
Aftermymotherpassedaway,mydadtriedevenhardertostayhealthyandac
Aftermymotherpassedaway,mydadtriedevenhardertostayhealthyandac
(91)Anactivelifestyleandahealthy,fish-richdietarenotonlygoodfo
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
Driverlesstrainsareatypeoftrainfirstdevelopedinthe1960s.Asthename
随机试题
[originaltext]M:Jane,I’mhavingdifficultywithallthetheoreticstuffwear
[originaltext]W:So,haveyougotthebloodsamplesowecoulddoourgeneticr
打开位于消防电话主机机箱背面的“电源”开关,如无呼入、呼出等信号,则处于()
A. B. C. D.
A.外侧鼻腔的血液供给 B.两者均无 C.鼻中隔的血液供给 D.两者均有腭
在进行石灰有效氧化钙测定中,应将研磨所得的生石灰样品通过()的筛。A.0.25
A.沙丁胺醇 B.二丙酸倍氯米松 C.氨茶碱 D.哌仑西平 E.色甘酸钠
A.医学科研是有意识、有目的的,是对研究对象能动的反映B.医学科学与医学道德相互
关于雨期开挖路堑的说法,正确的是( )。A.挖方边坡宜一次挖到设计标高 B.
2010年2月1日,某建设单位领取了施工许可证。由于某种原因,工程不能按期开工。
最新回复
(
0
)