首页
登录
职称英语
For many years, people believed that the brain, like the body, rested during
For many years, people believed that the brain, like the body, rested during
游客
2024-05-22
12
管理
问题
For many years, people believed that the brain, like the body, rested during sleep. After all, we are rendered unconscious by sleep. Perhaps, it was thought, the brain just needs to stop thinking for a few hours every day. Wrong, During sleep, our brain — the organ that directs us to sleep — is itself extraordinarily active. And much of that activity helps the brain to learn, to remember and to make connections.
It wasn’t so long ago that the regretful joke in research circles was that everyone knew sleep had something to do with memory — except for the people who study sleep and the people who study memory. Then, in 1994, Israeli researchers reported that the average performance for a group of people on a memory test improved when the test was repeated after a break of many hours — during which some subjects slept and others did not. In 2000, a Harvard team demonstrated that this improvement occurred only during sleep.
There are several different types of memory — including declarative (fact-based information), episodic (events from your life) and procedural (how to do something) — and researchers have designed ways to test each of them. In almost every case, whether the test involves remembering pairs of words, tapping numbered keys in a certain order or figuring out the rules in a weather-prediction game, "sleeping on it" after first learning the task improves performance. It’s as if our brains squeeze in some extra practice time while we’re asleep.
This isn’t to say that we can’t form memories when we’re awake. If someone tells you his name, you don’t need to fall asleep to remember it. But sleep will make it more likely that you do. Sleep-deprivation experiments have shown that a tired brain has a difficult time capturing memories of all sorts. Interestingly, sleep deprivation is more likely to cause us to forget information associated with positive emotion than information linked to negative emotion. This could explain, at least in part, why sleep deprivation can trigger depression in some people: memories stained with negative emotions are more likely than positive ones to "stick" in the sleep-deprived brain.
Sleep also seems to be the time when the brain’s two memory systems — the hippocampus (海马体) and the neocortex (新皮质) — "talk" with one other. Experiences that become memories are laid down first in the hippocampus, eliminating whatever is underneath. If a memory is to be retained, it must be shipped from the hippocampus to a place where it will endure — the neocortex, the wrinkled outer layer of the brain where higher thinking takes place. Unlike the hippocampus, the neocortex is a master at weaving the old with the new. And partly because it keeps incoming information at bay, sleep is the best time for the "undistracted" hippocampus to shuttle memories to the neocortex, and for the neocortex to link them to related memories. [br] What does the phrase "sleeping on it" in the third paragraph most probably mean?
选项
A、Paying no attention to a hard work.
B、Putting off what can’t be done right now.
C、Sleeping during the break time of a certain task.
D、Being satisfied with one’s success and taking no more pains.
答案
C
解析
根据题干中的指示the phrase“sleeping on it”in the third paragraph将本题出处定位到第三段。该段说,在第一次学习任务完成后sleeping on it,测试成绩就会提高。浏览全文可知,第三段的内容与第二段内容是一致的,都是为了说明睡眠能够改善记忆。结合第二段中的试验过程来推测第三段中的提到的这些试验方法,就可以知道,sleeping on it指的是在任务中断时间里的睡眠,[C]项正确。[B]项与短语sleep on it常见的字面意思(把问题放放再说,到第二天再解决)接近,但不符合这里实际的语义环境。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3605477.html
相关试题推荐
MorethantwomillionpeopleinEuropenowhavefibrebroadbanddirecttoth
Formanyyears,peoplebelievedthatthebrain,likethebody,restedduring
Formanyyears,peoplebelievedthatthebrain,likethebody,restedduring
Formanyyears,peoplebelievedthatthebrain,likethebody,restedduring
Isyourfamilyinterestedinbuyingadog?Adogcanbeahappy【B1】______to
Isyourfamilyinterestedinbuyingadog?Adogcanbeahappy【B1】______to
Isyourfamilyinterestedinbuyingadog?Adogcanbeahappy【B1】______to
Isyourfamilyinterestedinbuyingadog?Adogcanbeahappy【B1】______to
Isyourfamilyinterestedinbuyingadog?Adogcanbeahappy【B1】______to
Isyourfamilyinterestedinbuyingadog?Adogcanbeahappy【B1】______to
随机试题
Itwasnotsolongagothatparentsdroveateenagertocampus,saidatearf
[originaltext]M:Ireallydon’tknowwhattodotiffssummer.Ican’taffordto
十二经脉的功能活动反映于体表的部位是()A.孙络 B.别络 C.皮部
发生导致患者死亡的重大医疗事故时,要求医疗机构应当在多长时间内向所在地卫生行政部
Theoutcomeoftheelectionwasstillin
下列选项哪个能与题干立体图形①、②、③组合成3×3×3的立方体图形? A.如上
2020年国内游客28.8亿人次,比上年下降52.1%。其中,城镇居民游客20.
某消防技术服务机构对已完工的防烟排烟系统进行检查,下列有关排烟防火阀设置位置的检
甲公司财务部门负责人李某努力学习会计理论知识,精心设计会计业务核算流程,并对相关
根据《环境影响评价技术导则—地面水环境》,在筛选水质预测参数时,可不考虑的因素是
最新回复
(
0
)