首页
登录
职称英语
It may seem ridiculous, but in the hunt for sources of alternative energy re
It may seem ridiculous, but in the hunt for sources of alternative energy re
游客
2024-04-23
28
管理
问题
It may seem ridiculous, but in the hunt for sources of alternative energy researchers have come up with fuel cells which are powered by cheese—or at least whey, a by-product in cheese making. Whey is rich in lactose, a sugar which Georgia Antonopoulou, a biochemical engineer at the University of Patras, Greece, says can be consumed by cultures of bacteria contained within a fuel cell to generate an electric current. Microbial fuel cells, as such devices are known, are not a new idea but they are attracting more attention.
The organic contents of whey pose an environmental hazard and many governments now impose strict regulations requiring factories to pay for its treatment before disposal. Whey constitutes about 70% of the volume of the milk were used to make cheese. So, just one small feta facility will need to dispose of as such as 4,000 tonnes of whey in a single year, says Dr Antonopoulou. Microbial fuel cells could help, and not just in the cheese-making industry. Breweries, pig farms, food-processing plants and even sewage works could gain from the technology.
Traditional fuel cells work by using a catalytic material to oxidize a fuel, such as hydrogen, and make an electric current flow between two electrodes. Microbial fuel cells function in much the same way except that the catalytic reactions are carried out by bacteria contained within the fuel-cell chamber. Under anaerobic conditions(where oxygen is absent), metabolising the fuel by feeding off it and in doing so produce natural chemical reactions that produce a current.
In theory microbial fuel cells can run on almost any kind of organic matters, says Chris Melhuish, head of the Bristol Robotics Laboratory, England. "All you have to do is match the microbial culture with the type of stuff you want to use as fuel," he says. Dr Melhuish has been trying to power robots on domestic waste-water, but it is tricky. Ideally you would want to use cheap raw-waste products, he says. But traditionally the fuel cells work best with a refined fuel in the form of solutions containing synthetic sugars, such as glucose.
However, Dr Antonopoulou has now shown that, using a culture of bacteria obtained from her local waste-water plant, it is possible to get almost as much power from raw whey as from refined fuel, provided the whey is diluted. The trouble is the power output still only amounts to milliwatts, barely enough to trickle-charge a cellphone. And working with raw waste water also presents challenges.
Initially Dr Antonopoulou and her colleagues found that the coulombic efficiency of their cells-a measure of how many electrons produced actually flow into a circuit-was particularly low, at around just 2%. This turned out to be because a second set of microbes, within the whey itself, was absorbing them. So, by sterilizing the whey first to kill these other bugs they have now boosted the coulombic efficiency to around 25%. [br] Which of the following may not benefit from microbial fuel cells?
选项
A、Feta facilities.
B、Toy factories.
C、Sewage plants.
D、Breweries.
答案
B
解析
细节题。根据题目中benefit from microbial fuel cells可定位至文章第二段Microbial fuel cells could help,and not just in the cheese-making industry.Breweries,pig farms,food-processing plants and even sewage works could gain from thetechnology.(微生物燃料电池的研发不仅可以帮助奶酪制造业解决此难题,酿酒厂、养猪场、食品加工厂甚至污水处理厂均可从中获益。),A项feta facilities指“羊奶酪生产基地”,属于奶酪制造业,C、D项也属于收益范畴。而B项“玩具厂”文中并未提到.故选择B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3567418.html
相关试题推荐
Ourbodiesexperienceanebbandflowofenergythroughouttheday.Thisis
Ourbodiesexperienceanebbandflowofenergythroughouttheday.Thisis
Ourbodiesexperienceanebbandflowofenergythroughouttheday.Thisis
Ourbodiesexperienceanebbandflowofenergythroughouttheday.Thisis
Ourbodiesexperienceanebbandflowofenergythroughouttheday.Thisis
Inmostpartsoftheworld,therelationbetweenpopulationandresourcesis
Inmostpartsoftheworld,therelationbetweenpopulationandresourcesis
Inmostpartsoftheworld,therelationbetweenpopulationandresourcesis
Inmostpartsoftheworld,therelationbetweenpopulationandresourcesis
Inmostpartsoftheworld,therelationbetweenpopulationandresourcesis
随机试题
[audioFiles]2015m9x/audio_ezfm_039_20158[/audioFiles]
[originaltext]W:IunderstandyouaretakingtheAmericanliteratureseminarth
不久前,一条新的国际道路运输线路(transnationalhighway)开通。这条线路连接广西崇左市和越南下龙市(HaLongcity),长达
Foxesandfarmershavenevergotonwell.Thesesmalldog-likeanimalshave
基金管理人的最主要职责是负责()。A.基金资产的投资运作 B.基金资产
高Na血症是指血钠()A.高于135mmol/LB.高于140mmol/LC.
根据继电保护和安全自动装置缺陷归类,常规变电站电抗器保护管理CPU插件上有关芯片
站用交流电源系统启动验收内容应包括站用交流电源系统()。定相$;$核相$;$负荷
下列关于医学常识的说法,错误的是()。A.临床上一般以血红蛋白的浓度值作为诊断
根据会计法律制度的规定,代理记账机构可以接受委托,代表委托人办理的业务主要有()
最新回复
(
0
)