首页
登录
职称英语
The recent, apparently successful prediction by mathematical models of an ap
The recent, apparently successful prediction by mathematical models of an ap
游客
2024-04-21
35
管理
问题
The recent, apparently successful prediction by mathematical models of an appearance of EI Nino—the warm ocean current that periodically develops along the Pacific coast of South America—has excited researchers. Jacob Bjerknes pointed out over 20 years ago how winds might create either abnormally warm or abnormally cold water in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Nonetheless, until the development of the models no one could explain why conditions should regularly shift from one to the other, as happens in the periodic oscillations between appearances of the warm EI Nino and the cold so-called anti-El Nino. The answer, at least if the current model that links the behavior of the ocean to that of the atmosphere is correct, is to be found in the ocean.
It has long been known that during an El Nino, two conditions exist: unusually warm water extends along the eastern Pacific, principally along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru, and winds blow from the west into the warmer air rising over the warm water in the east. These winds tend to create a feedback mechanism by driving the warmer surface water into a "pile" that blocks the normal upwelling of deeper, cold water in the east and further warms the eastern water, thus strengthening the wind still more. The contribution of the model is to show that the winds of an El Nino, which raise sea level in the cast, simultaneously send a signal to the west lowering sea level. According to the model, that signal is generated as a negative Rossby wave, a wave of depressed, or negative, sea level, mat moves westward parallel to the equator at 25 to 85 kilometers per day. Taking months to traverse the Pacific, Rossby waves march to the western boundary of the Pacific basin, which is modeled as a smooth wall but in reality consists of quite irregular island chains, such as, the Philippines and Indonesia.
When the waves meet the western boundary, they are reflected, and the model predicts that Rossby waves will be broken into numerous coastal Kelvin waves carrying the same negative sea-level signal. These eventually shoot toward the equator, and then head eastward along the equator propelled by the rotation of the Earth at a speed of about 250 kilometers per day. When enough Kelvin waves of sufficient amplitude arrive from the western Pacific, their negative sea-level signal overcomes the feedback mechanism tending to raise the sea level, and they begin to drive the system into the opposite cold mode. This produces a gradual shift in winds, one that will eventually send positive sea-level Rossby waves westward, waves that will eventually return as cold cycle-ending positive Kelvin waves, beginning another warming cycle. [br] The primary purpose of the text as a whole is to______.
选项
A、introduce a new explanation of physical phenomenon
B、explain the difference between two natural phenomena
C、illustrate the limits of applying mathematics to complex problems
D、clarify the distinction between an old explanation and a new model
答案
A
解析
主旨题。回顾全文。第一段提到了利用数学模式对厄尔尼诺现象的发生进行的预测,接着介绍了该模式的重要性,第二、三段具体介绍了该模式的观点。这说明,本文主要是在介绍对厄尔尼诺现象的一种新解释。所以答案选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3565136.html
相关试题推荐
FriendsA)Onmyrecenttravels,Icametorealiz
FriendsA)Onmyrecenttravels,Icametorealiz
Althoughrecentyearshaveseensubstantialreductionsinnoxiouspollutants
Althoughrecentyearshaveseensubstantialreductionsinnoxiouspollutants
Althoughrecentyearshaveseensubstantialreductionsinnoxiouspollutants
Inrecentyears,publishers,directorsandTVproducershavetakenakeenin
Inrecentyears,publishers,directorsandTVproducershavetakenakeenin
Inrecentyears,publishers,directorsandTVproducershavetakenakeenin
Inrecentyears,publishers,directorsandTVproducershavetakenakeenin
Inrecentyears,publishers,directorsandTVproducershavetakenakeenin
随机试题
ForWebaddresses,Chinesespeakersnowhavetouse______.[br]Thenewsystemw
[originaltext]ItisablowfortheUglyBettysandPlainJanes—researchsho
Hesuggested()alecturegivenbyProfessorWhiteonEnglishlanguagelearning.A
Recentlyhe______everynightuntilafteroneo’clock,preparingforthefinale
共栖是指两种生物生活在一起A.一方受益,另一方受害 B.双方彼此受益 C.双
男性,18岁。因左侧脓胸行胸腔闭式引流术3个月,现已无引流液。查体:左胸廓塌陷,
老师将同样大小的A、B两个杯子装满水后,当着孩子的面将B杯的水倒人细高的C杯中,
基于“经济人”假说的管理是运用()来调动人的积极性。A:物质刺激 B:满
A.卡马西平 B.加巴喷丁 C.乙琥胺 D.扑米酮 E.托吡酯(抗癫痫药
纳税人从中国境外取得的稿酬所得,在计算抵免限额和实际抵免额时,说法正确的有(
最新回复
(
0
)