西安,古称长安,是著名的古都,也是中华文明的发祥地。它断断续续作为13个王朝的首都达1200多年之久。西安是中国古代第一个对外开放的城市。汉唐时期,它是

游客2024-03-12  24

问题     西安,古称长安,是著名的古都,也是中华文明的发祥地。它断断续续作为13个王朝的首都达1200多年之久。西安是中国古代第一个对外开放的城市。汉唐时期,它是中国政治、经济、文化和对外交流的中心。西安有很多珍贵的文物和遗址。秦始皇兵马俑(the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses),被誉为“世界第八大奇迹”。西安古城墙是世界上规模最大、保存最完整的古城墙遗址。灿烂的文化、悠久的历史以及丰富的文物和遗址,使得西安享有“自然史博物馆”的美称(laudatory title)。

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答案 Xi’an, called Chang’an in ancient times, was an ancient capital and the birthplace of Chinese civilization. It served intermittently as the capital of 13 dynasties over 1,200 years. Xi’an was the first city to open its doors to the world in ancient China. In the Han and Tang Dynasties, it was the center of China’s politics, economy, culture and international exchange. There are a large number of treasured cultural relics and sites in Xi’an. The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses are honored as "The Eighth Wonder of the World". The Ancient City Wall of Xi’an is the largest, best preserved ruin of ancient city wall in the world. Owing to its brilliant culture, long history, as well as abundant relics and sites, Xi’an enjoys the laudatory title of "Natural History Museum".

解析 1.第一个句子的主语是“西安”,后面出现三个并列分句,“古称……”、“是……”、“也是……”。翻译时可将“古称长安”译作called Chang’an in ancient times,放在主语Xi’an之后作状语。后面两个分句谓语都是was,用and连接,第二个was省略,使句子更紧凑。
2.翻译第二句“它断断续续作为……”时,先提炼主干“它作为首都”,译为it served as the capital,再补充其他修饰成分。
3.“西安有很多珍贵的文物和遗址”一句可采用there be...句型来表达。注意此句开始讲述“西安”的情况与现在有关,用一般现在时即可。
4.最后一句若以“灿烂的文化、悠久的历史以及丰富的文物和遗址”作主语,会显得头重脚轻。分析本句可知,“西安享有……的美称”是因其“灿烂的文化……遗址”,因而可将汉语句的前半句处理为原因状语owingto its brilliant culture…,将“西安享有……的美称(enjoy the laudatory title of...)”确定为主干。
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