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  3. We all admire the beautiful blue of a clear sky or the superb contrast betwe

We all admire the beautiful blue of a clear sky or the superb contrast betwe

游客2024-03-06  61
问题     We all admire the beautiful blue of a clear sky or the superb contrast between the brilliant white of the clouds and the sky-blue between them. This colour, however, is not natural in the atmosphere; it is an optical effect(光学效应).
    When light encounters a cloud of small particles, it is diffused. This may be illustrated by a familiar example. When sunlight enters a darkened room through a gap in the blinds, it will appear as a brilliant ray of light. This is because there are tiny particles of dust suspended in the air. These, although normally invisible, catch and diffuse any strong light shining on them. The same effect can be seen in the sky when broken clouds hide the sun. Thus we can see that diffusion occurs owing to all sorts of impurities in the atmosphere. This explains all the delightfully varied shades of colour seen at different times of the day.
    White light is a mixture of all the colors of the rainbow or spectrum(光谱), which, as Isaac New-ton proved, can be separated by a prism. In order, they are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, and they are all to be found in the solar spectrum. Red light has the longest wavelength and violet the shortest but diffused approximately sixteen times more strongly than red.
    The size of the particles is important. Impurities such as dust and water droplets are much larger than the molecules of gas. In the lower parts of the atmosphere where most of these impurities are concentrated, the sky is different from what it is at heights where no impurities exist. A simple observation will demonstrate this principle. Examine the smoke from a cigarette before and after it has been inhaled. At first the smoke will be plainly bluish since it is made up of very minute particles; after it has been inhaled and then puffed out through the mouth, it will be yellowish because it now contains water droplets which have condensed round the particles and which are much more efficient diffuse of light.
    This is why the colour of the sky is much more intense and dark blue when seen from the top of a mountain than from sea level. In the first place there is an almost complete absence of water vapor and, more important, dust. Secondly, we are above the thickest portions of the atmosphere, and this naturally has the most powerful diffusing effect. The colour of the sky varies from horizon to zenith(天顶), since there is a different thickness of air in these two directions. The horizon always appears lighter, more whitish or even reddish, according to the state of the atmosphere. All this, incidentally, also intensifies the illusion of being under a great dome—the celestial roof.
选项 A、particles of dust are suspended
B、tiny dust particles become visible
C、it is very bright
D、it becomes visible
答案 C
解析 信息细节题。文章第二自然段举的一个例子：When sunlight enters...it will appear as a brilliant ray of light。根据此句话，就可完成句子，即此题应选C才与原句意思相符。
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