首页
登录
职称英语
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth ce
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth ce
游客
2024-02-19
16
管理
问题
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use of steam power, and electricity were there for all to see, enjoy, and suffer. Science was fashionable and it is not surprising that, during this great period of industrial development, scientific methods should be applied to the activities of man, particularly to those involved in the processes of production. Towards the end of the nineteenth century international competition began to make itself felt. The three industrial giants of the day, Germany, America, and Great Britain, began to find that there was a limit to the purchasing power of the previously apparently inexhaustible markets. Science and competition therefore provided the means and the need to improve industrial efficiency.
Frederick Winslow Taylor is generally acknowledged as being the father of the scientific management approach, as a result of the publication of his book, The Principles of Scientific Management, published in 1911. However, numerous other academics and practitioners(实践者)had been actively applying such approaches since the beginning of the century. Charles Babbage, and English academic, well-known for his invention of the mechanical computer(with the aid of a government grant as long as 1820), applied himself to the costing of processes, using scientific methods, and indeed might well be recognized as one of the fathers of cost accounting.
Taylor was of well-to-do background and received an excellent education but, partly owing to troubles with his eyesight, decided to become an engineering apprentice. He spent some twenty-five years in the tough, sometimes brutal, environment of the US steel industry and carefully studied methods of work when he eventually attained supervisory status. He made various significant innovations in the area of steel processing, but his claim to fame is through his application of methods of science to methods of work, and his personal efforts that proved they could succeed in a hostile environment.
In 1901, Taylor left the steel industry and spent the rest of his life trying to promote the principles of managing scientifically and emphasizing the human aspects of the method, over the slave-driving methods common in his day. He died in 1915, leaving a huge school of followers to promote his approach worldwide. [br] According to the passage, what was badly needed to improve industrial efficiency?
选项
A、Great breakthroughs.
B、Unlimited purchasing power.
C、Science and competition.
D、International competition.
答案
C
解析
由题干needed to improve industrial efficiency定位到文章第一段最后一句话:科技与竞争成为提高工业效率的方式和需要,所以选C)。A)在文中未提及;B)是工业效率提高的结果,不是需要;D)只提到一点,片面。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3464069.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]W:It’swell-knownsciencefictionplottofreezeabodyandbrin
[originaltext]W:It’swell-knownsciencefictionplottofreezeabodyandbrin
Thecomingoftherailwaysinthe1830s______oursocietyandeconomiclife.A、t
Itisnecessaryforourcollegestudentsto______toarapidlychangingsociety
Amanwhogoesfromdoortodoorsellingthingshastobe______ifhewantsto
Fatpeopleshould______thetemptationofsweetthings,whicharenotgoodtot
Shegavehimbackthemoneyshe’dstolenfor______sake.A、consentB、conscience’
His______haschangedbuthehaskeptthefreequalitiesofascientificresear
Themodernscientificmethodisusually______toGalileowhoinventedasetof
Manyimportantscientificdiscoveriesareinfact______onesastheyweremadeb
随机试题
[originaltext]W:Whatsizedoyouwear,sir?M:Size10seemsalittlebigger,
某学校设有多个体育社团。据统计,参加篮球社的学生都参加了健身俱乐部;参加健身俱乐
下列地理信息数据检查项中,不属于入库前检查的是( )。A.数据编码检查 B.
与上一年相比,下列年份中地质灾害造成直接经济损失增长率最高的年份是()A.
行动研究根据参与研究的成员成分不同可分为三种模式,其中()研究动力来自于实务工
下列情形中,纳税人应当注销税务登记的是()A.纳税人改变生产经营方式的
公司某一建设项目拟通过发行优先股来筹措资金,面值100元,发行价格101元,发行
根据评价项目自身特点、区域的生态特点以及评价项目与影响区域生态系统的相互关系,确
河道在汛期安全运用的上限水位是指( )。A、保证水位 B、最高洪水位 C
巨幼红细胞性贫血病人合并神经症状时必须应用A.叶酸 B.硫酸亚铁 C.维生素
最新回复
(
0
)