首页
登录
职称英语
Why Teenagers Really Do Need an Extra Hour in Bed?A)"Making tee
Why Teenagers Really Do Need an Extra Hour in Bed?A)"Making tee
游客
2024-02-08
6
管理
问题
Why Teenagers Really Do Need an Extra Hour in Bed?
A)"Making teens start school in the morning is ’ cruel’ ," brain doctor claims. So declared a British newspaper headline in 2007 after a talk I gave at an academic conference. One disbelieving reader responded: " This man sounds brain-dead. "
B)That was a typical reaction to work I was reporting at the time on teenage sleep patterns and their effect on performance at school. Six years on there is growing acceptance that the structure of the academic day needs to take account of adolescent sleep patterns. The latest school to adopt a later start time is the UCL Academy in London; others are considering following suit.
C)So what are the facts about teenage sleep, and how should society adjust to these needs? The biology of human sleep timing, like that of other mammals, changes as we age. This has been shown in many studies. As adolescence begins, bedtimes and waking times get later. This trend continues until 19. 5 years in women and 21 in men. Then it reverses. At 55 we wake at about the time we woke prior to adolescence. On average this is two hours earlier than adolescents. This means that for a teenager, a 7 a. m. alarm call is the equivalent of a 5 a. m. start for a person in their 50s.
D)Precisely why this is so is unclear but the shifts related with changes in hormones(荷尔蒙)at adolescence and the decline in those hormones as we age. However, biology is only part of the problem. Additional factors include a more relaxed attitude to bedtimes by parents, a general disregard for the importance of sleep, and access to TVs, DVDs, PCs, gaming devices, cell phones and so on, all of which promote alertness and eat into time available for sleep.
E)The amount of sleep teenagers get varies between countries, geographic region and social class, but all studies show they are going to bed later and not getting as much sleep as they need because of early school starts.
F)Mary Carskadon at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, who is a pioneer in the area of adolescent sleep, has shown that teenagers need about 9 hours a night to maintain full alertness and academic performance. My own recent observations at a UK school in Liverpool suggested many were getting just 5 hours on a school night. Unsurprisingly, teachers reported students dozing in class.
G)Evidence that sleep is important is overwhelming. Elegant research has demonstrated its critical role in memory improvement and our ability to generate wise solutions to complex problems. Sleep disruption may increase the level of the stress. Excited behaviors, lack of empathy, sense of humor and mood are similarly affected. All in all, a tired adolescent is a moody, insensitive, angry and stressed one. Perhaps less obviously, sleep loss is associated with metabolic(新陈代谢的)changes. Long-term lack of sleep might be an important factor for negative conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病), overweight and high blood pressure.
H)Adolescents are increasingly using stimulants to compensate for sleep loss, and caffeinated(含咖啡因的)and/or sugary drinks are the usual choice. So a caffeinated drink late in the day delays sleep at night. Tiredness also increases the likelihood of taking up smoking.
I)In the US, the observation that teenagers have biologically delayed sleep patterns compared to adults prompted several schools to put back the start of the school day. An analysis of the impact by Kyla Wahlstrom at the University of Minnesota found that academic performance was enhanced, as was attendance. Sleeping in class declined, as did self-reported depression. In the UK, Monkseaton High School near Newcastle instituted a 10 am start in 2009 and saw a progress in academic performance.
J)However, a later start by itself is not enough. Society in general, and teenagers in particular, must start to take sleep seriously. Sleep is not a luxury but a fundamental biological need, enhancing creativity, productivity, mood and the ability to interact with others.
K)If you are dependent upon an alarm clock, or parent, to get you out of bed; if you take a long time to wake up; if you feel sleepy and impatient during the day; if your behavior is overly impulsive, it means you are probably not getting enough sleep. Take control. Ensure the bedroom is a place that promotes sleep—dark and not too warm—don’t text, use a computer or watch TV for at least half an hour before trying to sleep and avoid bright lights. Try not to nap during the day, and seek out natural light in the morning to adjust the body clock and sleep patterns to an earlier time. Avoid caffeinated drinks after lunch.
L)It is my strongly held view, based upon the evidence, that the efforts of dedicated(专注的,投入的)teachers and the money spent on school facilities will have a greater impact and education will be more rewarding when, collectively, teenagers, parents, teachers and school governors start to take sleep seriously. In the universal language of school reports: we must do better. [br] The sleeping patterns of human and those of other mammals vary with age.
选项
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3432064.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]M:Hi,Helen,I’vebeenlookingforyou!W:Really?Suchacoinci
Ididn’tmind______(你推迟做决定)aslongasitisnottoolate.yourdelayingmakingth
Ifyoureallywanttoattractyourprofessor’sattention,______(你最好在她的课堂上试着更积极一
[originaltext]W:Icanseeyouenjoyyourjob.M:(22)Yes,verymuch.Ireally
[originaltext]W:Icanseeyouenjoyyourjob.M:(22)Yes,verymuch.Ireally
[originaltext]W:I’mhavingtroublemakingendsmeet.IthinkIhavetomakean
[originaltext]W:I’mhavingtroublemakingendsmeet.IthinkIhavetomakean
[originaltext]W:I’mhavingtroublemakingendsmeet.IthinkIhavetomakean
[originaltext]W:I’mhavingtroublemakingendsmeet.IthinkIhavetomakean
[originaltext]W:I’mhavingtroublemakingendsmeet.IthinkIhavetomakean
随机试题
Throughouthistorythebasicunitofalmosteveryhumansocietyhasbeenthe
由用人单位按照国家规定缴纳,而不需职工缴纳保险费的社会保险类别是()。A.基本
患女.50岁。咽喉肿痛,咳嗽咯黄痰,胸闷微喘,痰鸣有声。应首选的药物是A.玄参
A.盐杜仲B.熟地黄C.酒黄精D.酒女贞子E.蒸桑螵蛸炮制后能杀死虫卵,利于贮存
遇有电气设备着火时,应立即将有关设备的(),然后进行救火。保护停用;电源切断;外
在一个除法算式里,被除数、除数、商和佘数之和是319,已知商是21,余数是6,问
张先生买入一张10年期,年利率8%,市场价格为920元,面值1000元的债券,则
下列关于土石路堤的填筑要求的叙述中,不正确的是()A.土石路堤不得倾填
下列国有资金占控股或主导地位的依法必须进行招标的项目,可以采取邀请招标的是(
扩张小动脉、小静脉,作用强、快、短的药物是() A.米力农 B.肼屈嗪 C
最新回复
(
0
)