首页
登录
职称英语
"Throughout history, poverty is the normal condition of man," wrote Robert H
"Throughout history, poverty is the normal condition of man," wrote Robert H
游客
2024-01-21
33
管理
问题
"Throughout history, poverty is the normal condition of man," wrote Robert Heinlein, a science-fiction writer. Until the 18th century, global GDP per person was stuck between $725 and $1,100, around the same income level as the World Bank’s current poverty line of $1.90 a day. But global income levels per person have since accelerated, from around $1,100 in 1800 to $3,600 in 1950, and over $10,000 today.
Economists have long tried to explain this sudden surge in output. Most theories have focused on the factors driving long-term economic growth such as the quantity and productivity of labor and capital. But a new paper takes a different tack (思路): faster growth is not due to bigger booms, but to less shrinking in recessions. Stephen Broadberry of Oxford University and John Wallis of the University of Maryland have taken data for 18 countries in Europe and the New World, some from as far back as the 13th century. To their surprise, they found that growth during years of economic expansion has fallen in the recent era—from 3.88% between 1820 and 1870 to 3.06% since 1950—even though average growth across all years in those two periods increased from 1.4% to 2.55% .
Instead, shorter and shallower slumps led to rising long-term growth. Output fell in a third of years between 1820 and 1870 but in only 12% of those since 1950. The rate of decline per recession year has fallen too, from 3% to 1.2%.
So why have these "growth reversals" decreased in length and depth? In another paper Broadberry and Wallis find that conventional explanations—such as demographic change or a sectoral shift from volatile (不稳定的) agriculture to the more stable services sector—do not fully explain the shift.
More important is the rise of the rule of law, enabling disputes to be settled by impartial courts. Before the modern era, elites would fight between themselves for the spoils of growth and send the economy back to square one through wars, corruption and the like. Respect for courts to resolve disputes prevents this from happening. With populist (民粹主义的) politicians challenging the authority of judges once again across the world, that is food for thought. [br] What is the author’s suggestion for protecting the economy from being damaged by elites?
选项
A、Reducing the internal fights within elites.
B、Curbing the spread of wars.
C、Stamping out corruption in high places.
D、Promoting the settlement of disputes through courts.
答案
D
解析
推理判断题。由题干中的damaged和elites定位到最后一段第二、三句。该段第二句提到,在现代社会之前,精英们会相互争夺经济增长带来的利益,并通过战争、贪腐等方式将经济打回原形,即精英们争夺利益对经济造成了破坏。然后第三句指出,尊重法庭来解决争端可以阻止该情况的发生。由此可知,作者建议通过法庭解决纠纷来阻止经济受到精英们的破坏,故答案为D)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3382150.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext](5)ThedryconditionsinCaliforniaaregoodforpeoplewhol
[originaltext](5)ThedryconditionsinCaliforniaaregoodforpeoplewhol
[originaltext](5)ThedryconditionsinCaliforniaaregoodforpeoplewhol
[originaltext]ThedryconditionsinCaliforniaaregoodforpeoplewholiketo
[originaltext]TheUnitedStateshasalonghistoryofmakingwhiskey—akind
[originaltext]TheUnitedStateshasalonghistoryofmakingwhiskey—akind
[originaltext]TheUnitedStateshasalonghistoryofmakingwhiskey—akind
[originaltext]TheUnitedStateshasalonghistoryofmakingwhiskey—akind
[originaltext]TheUnitedStateshasalonghistoryofmakingwhiskey—akind
[originaltext]TheUnitedStateshasalonghistoryofmakingwhiskey—akind
随机试题
Violinprodigies(神童),Ilearned,havecomeindistinctwavesfromdistinctr
I’m______theimpressionthatyou’vetoldmeaboutit.A、onB、ofC、underD、intoC固
设总体X服从分布N(0,2^2),而X1,X2,…,X15是来自总体X的简单随机
B【考情点拨】本题考查了定积分的换元积分法的知识点.
以下不是设计覆盖义齿暴露牙周基托的设计原则的是A.尽可能少覆盖龈边缘 B.以金
下列关于金融机构职能的表述,正确的有()。A.根据原银监会2009年8月印
2020年12月,中国新能源汽车生产销售双增长,产销双双超过20万辆,再创历史新
在太阳系的八大行星中木星的“左邻右舍”是( )A.水星和金星 B.火星和
理财产品销售管理、理财投资运作管理是商业银行理财产品信息披露管理的内容。
宁波新达电报有限公司(3302940141)于2009年4月24日进口一批用于生
最新回复
(
0
)