首页
登录
职称英语
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D. , the Byzantine Empire stage
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D. , the Byzantine Empire stage
游客
2024-01-13
37
管理
问题
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D. , the Byzantine Empire staged an almost unparalleled economic and cultural revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two-thirds of the territory it had possessed in the year 600, and its remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians, who at times threatened to take Constantinople and extinguished the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly diminished, and artistic and literary production had virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, however, the empire had regained almost half of its lost possessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced.
To consider the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic advances as differentiated aspects of a single phenomenon is reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and civiliza- tions. Rome under Augustus and fifth-century Athens provide the most obvious examples in antiquity. Moreover, an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military, eco- nomic, and cultural forms of progress might help explain the dynamics of historical change.
The common explanation of these apparent connections in the case of Byzantium would run like this: when the empire had turned back enemy raids on its own territory and had begun to raid and conquer enemy territory, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine military achievements led to economic advances, which in turn led to cultural revival. No doubt this hypothetical pattern did apply at times during the course of the recovery. Yet it is not clear that military advances invariably came first, economic advances second, and intellec- tual advances third. In the 860’ s the Byzantine Empire began to recover from Arab incursions so that by 872 the military balance with the Abbasid Caliphate had been permanently altered in the em- pire’s favor. The beginning of the empire’ s economic revival, however, can be placed between 810 and 830. Finally, the Byzantine revival of learning appears to have begun even earlier. A number of notable scholars and writers appeared by 788 and, by the last decade of the eighth century, a cultural revival was in full bloom, a revival that lasted until the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Thus the commonly expected order of military revival followed by economic and then by cultural recovery was reversed in Byzantium. In fact,the revival of Byzantine learning may itself have in- fluenced the subsequent economic and military expansion. [br] It can be inferred from the passage that the Byzantine Empire sustained significant territorial losses
选项
A、in 600.
B、during the seventh century.
C、a century after the cultural achievements of the Byzantine Empire had been lost.
D、soon after the revival of Byzantine learning.
E、in the century after 873.
答案
B
解析
拜占庭在哪个阶段丢失了大量领土?据原文L7—13,此题的背景是:阿拉伯帝国在7世纪中期崛起,侵占了拜占庭帝国大片领土。“8世纪以前,丢失了600年时土地2/3”,那么肯定是在7世纪时丢失。∴B正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3359263.html
相关试题推荐
Afewcenturiesago,peoplelookedatthebirdsandwonderedwhatitwouldbe
Afewcenturiesago,peoplelookedatthebirdsandwonderedwhatitwouldbe
Icanhardly______thedifferencebetweenthesetwowords.A、pointB、speakC、talk
Youfeelhappiestwhenyoucreateahealthybalancebetweengivingandreceiv
Youfeelhappiestwhenyoucreateahealthybalancebetweengivingandreceiv
Youfeelhappiestwhenyoucreateahealthybalancebetweengivingandreceiv
Theopeningbetweentherockswasverynarrow,buttheboysmanagedto______thro
Ican’ttellthe______differencebetweenthetwinsisters.A、slightB、simpleC、sl
Itisvery______ofyoutoarrangeanearlymeetingbetweenyourbossandourt
______thatthetradebetweenthetwocountriesreacheditshighestpoint.A、Duri
随机试题
Thelightisoff.Shemay(sleep)______.sleep本题表示的是现在的状态,故情态动词may+动词原形,表示猜测,意为“
[originaltext]Here’ssomeinformationthatmightproveusefuldowntheroad
Thesensesofsight,hearing,smell,touchandtastesupplyuswith______.[br
胃次全切除的病人引起贫血与下列哪些因素有关A.Fe B.维生素B C.维生素
关于竞业禁止条款,表达正确的是()。A.竞业禁止只能以约定形式出现,无基于法律
(____)是指设备检修试验后,依据设备最新检修及试验相关信息对设备进行的状态评
小王今年8岁,父母在同一家公司上班,每次父母把小王送到学校后结伴去公司上班。小王
受理申请宣告公民失踪或死亡的机关是()。 A.民政机关 B.司法行政机关
可增加胶剂的透明度和硬度,并有矫味作用的辅料是A.黄酒 B.麻油 C.冰糖
施工企业成本核算或投标报价时,周转性材料消耗量指标应根据()来确定。A.第二次
最新回复
(
0
)