首页
登录
职称英语
According to many analysts, labor-management relations in the United States are
According to many analysts, labor-management relations in the United States are
游客
2024-01-12
69
管理
问题
According to many analysts, labor-management relations in the United States are undergoing a fundamental change: traditional adversarialism is giving way to a new cooperative relationship between the two sides and even to concessions from labor. These analysts say the twin shocks of nonunion competition in this country and low-cost, high-quality imports from abroad are forcing unions to look more favorably at a variety of management demands: the need for wage restraint and reduced benefits as well as the abolition of "rigid" work rules, seniority rights, and job classifications.
Sophisticated proponents of these new developments cast their observations in a prolabor light. In return for their concessions, they point out, some unions have bargained for profit sharing, retraining rights, and job-security guarantees. Unions can also trade concessions for more say on the shop floor, where techniques such as quality circles and quality-of-work-life programs promise workers greater control over their own jobs. Unions may even win a voice in investment and pricing strategy, plant location, and other major corporate policy decisions previously reserved to management.
Opponents of these concessions from labor argue that such concessions do not save jobs, but either prolong the agony of dying plants or finance the plant relocations that employers had intended anyway. Companies make investment decisions to fit their strategic plans and their profit objectives, opponents point out, and labor costs are usually just a small factor in the equation. Moreover, unrestrained by either loyalty to their work force or political or legislative constraints on their mobility, the companies eventually cut and run, concessions or no concessions.
Wage-related concessions have come under particular attack, since opponents believe that high union wages underlay much of the success of United States industry in this century. They point out that a long-standing principle, shared by both management and labor, has been that workers should earn wages that give them the income they need to buy what they make. Moreover, high wages have given workers the buying power to propel the economy forward.
If proposals for pay cuts, two-tier wage systems, and subminimum wages for young workers continue to gain credence, opponents believe the U.S. social structure will move toward that of a less-developed nation: a small group of wealthy investors, a sizable but still minority bloc of elite professionals and highly skilled employees, and a huge mass of marginal workers and unskilled laborers. Further, they argue that if unions willingly engage in concession bargaining on the false grounds that labor costs are the source of a company’s problems, unions will find themselves competing with Third World pay levels—a competition they cannot win. [br] According to the author, "Sophisticated proponents" of concessions do which of the following?
选项
A、Support the traditional adversarialism characteristic of labor-management relations
B、Emphasize the benefits unions can gain by granting concessions.
C、Focus on thorough analyses of current economic conditions.
D、Present management’s reasons for demanding concessions.
E、Explain domestic economic developments in terms of worldwide trends.
答案
B
解析
Supporting Ideas
This question requires you to identify what the passage says "sophisticated proponents" of concessions do. According to the passage, these sophisticated proponents represent their concessions in a "prolabor light."They suggest that concessions by labor can bargain for profit sharing, retraining rights, and job-security guarantees—and can even bargain for "more say on the shop floor" and a voice in company strategy and decision making.
A According to the passage, analysts say that labor-management relations are increasingly cooperative rather than adversarial.
B Correct. As indicated above, the proponents of labor concessions represent concessions in a prolabor light by detailing the types of labor gains that can come from such concessions.
C The proponents probably conduct such analyses, but no information about this is given in the passage.
D Sophisticated proponents may sometimes do this, but the passage emphasizes their focus on the opportunities for labor gains.
E Sophisticated proponents may sometimes do this, but the passage emphasizes their focus on the opportunities for labor gains.
The correct answer is B.
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3357289.html
相关试题推荐
WhentheUnitedStatesCongresscreatedYellowstoneNationalParkin187
WhentheUnitedStatesCongresscreatedYellowstoneNationalParkin187
WhentheUnitedStatesCongresscreatedYellowstoneNationalParkin187
WhentheUnitedStatesCongresscreatedYellowstoneNationalParkin187
CarsareanimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.Withoutacar,most
CarsareanimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.Withoutacar,most
CarsareanimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.Withoutacar,most
CarsareanimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.Withoutacar,most
CarsareanimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.Withoutacar,most
CarsareanimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.Withoutacar,most
随机试题
TheU.S.DepartmentofLaborstatisticsindicatethatthereisanoversuppl
【S1】[br]【S9】去掉of本题考查形容词aware的用法。beawareofsth.和beaware十that从句。
A.脂肪 B.维生素B1 C.碳水化合物 D.蛋白质 E.维生素A能量密
普通硅酸盐水泥的掺合料可以是()。A.粒化高炉矿渣 B.石灰石 C.粉煤灰
学习动机的两个基本成分包括()。A.学习需要 B.学习期待 C.学习氛围
招标文件中,由于各种管理要求、管理价格的制定都具有(),所以过一段时间可能需要调
《最高人民法院关于适用若干问题的解释(二)》第十九条规定:“对于合同法第七十四条
贮藏中颜色由浅变深的中药饮片有A.山药 B.白芷 C.泽泻 D.天花粉
粤港澳大湾区的战略定位()。A.充满活力的世界级城市群 B.具有全球影响
某厂燃煤锅炉烟气排放量为2×104m3/h,SO2浓度为800mg/m3,排放浓
最新回复
(
0
)