[img]2014m3s/ct_etoefm_etoefwritea_0179_20138[/img] Here are some strategies

游客2024-01-03  21

问题
    Here are some strategies for presenting your speech effectively.
    Voice
    No speech is read in a monotone voice. Listen to famous speeches. Actors and actresses make full use of emotion, pauses, repetition, word stress, intonation, etc. So must you. You need to maintain audience interest by varying the speed, volume and pitch of your voice. You may go through your speech underlining words that need to be stressed, where pauses are to be made, etc. Speak slowly and clearly, at a volume that is audible to everyone in the room. Behave naturally.
    Eyes
    Look at your audience while speaking, not at the back wall, the floor or the ceiling. Public speakers who do so always seem more authoritative. If, however, you think that direct eye-contact may "put you off", causing you to forget what you are saying, or break into a broad grin when you see a friend, try looking at people’s foreheads -they will think you are looking them in the eye, and will in consequence be much more attentive.
    Body language
    What you do NOT say can be more important than what you say. Your BODY is speaking to your audience even before you open your mouth. Your clothes, your walk, your glasses, your haircut and your expression: it is from these that your listeners form their first impression as you enter the room or walk to the front of the class. So, be aware of your posture and gestures. Stand straight but not stiffly, without leaning on a desk or chair. Don’t sway back and forth or from side to side. Gesture and move about in a natural, relaxed way.
    Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
    Question: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically explain how they support the explanation in the reading passage.
Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
Professor
You’re a chairperson, a supervisor, a director, or a manager of an organization. So, you have to give a speech- but you’re terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later, you think, "I’m just no good at pubic speaking. I hope I never have to do that again. " However, you know, you’re in the position, you can’t escape.
    Cheer up! It doesn’t have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech-making. First of all, it is important to plan. Do your homework. Find out everything you can about your audience. Who are they? What do they know about your audience? Do they have a common interest? Why are they coming to hear you speak? Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech.
    Ask yourself the purpose of you speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Are you introducing another speaker? Moderating a discussion? Giving a lecture? Convincing someone? There’re many possible speaking roles, and each one has its own special characteristics.
    Let’s suppose that you have been asked to introduce the main speaker at a conference. First, find out the most important and interesting things about the speaker. Then, summarize this information in a few remarks. It’s all right to tell a joke or an anecdote if it is in good taste and will not embarrass the speaker. And, uh...most important, be brief! Remember, you are not the main speaker; you are introducing the main speaker.
    If you’re giving a lecture or explaining an idea, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they will help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don’t talk over their heads, and don’t talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.
    When you’re making your speech, try to relax. That’s important. Speak slowly and clearly and look at people in your audience. Use simple vocabulary and expressions whenever possible. Pause for a few seconds now and then to give your audience a chance to think about what you have said. Make sure that everyone in the room can hear you. If it’s a large room or an auditorium, you will probably have to use a microphone.
    Just remember to be prepared. Know your subjects, your audience, and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.
    If you follow these simple steps, you’ll see that you don’t have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! Not convinced yet? Give it a try and see what happens.
Question:
Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically explain how they support the explanations in the reading passage.

选项

答案     The lecture strengthen the reading by telling the listener, how to prepare and make speech. Giving a successful speech is not an easy task. However, it is not necessarily a painful experience either. Here are some steps that can be of some help. First of all, it is advisable that you prepare. Knowledge of your audience, of their interest and of their purpose in hearing your speech, can be of your concern. To ensure a good preparation for your speech, apart from your audience, your subjects and the occasion should also be taken into consideration.
    In addition, you should identify your role in the speech. If you are to introduce the main speaker at a conference, you can briefly remark on what is important or interesting about the main speaker. If you are to give your own lecture, you should, when preparing, explore your subject as thoroughly as possible. When giving the speech, you should be thoughtful to your audience.
    When giving a speech, relax, look at your audience, and speak slowly and clearly. Simple words, pauses at intervals, may help you get yourself through clearly. An expressive voice and some proper gestures are also helpful for you to make your speech appealing. In addition, if the audience cannot hear you, in a large room, for example, a microphone is necessary.

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