首页
登录
职称英语
[img]2018m9s/ct_etoefz_etoeflistz_201808_0051[/img] [br] According to the profes
[img]2018m9s/ct_etoefz_etoeflistz_201808_0051[/img] [br] According to the profes
游客
2024-01-03
45
管理
问题
[br] According to the professor, why was the archaeological evidence found in New Guinea during the 1960s and 1970s inconclusive? Click on 2 answers.
Listen to part of a lecture in an Anthropology class.
Professor: We are aware that early agriculture arose independently in several regions of the world, for example, the Middle East, China, Southeast Asia, and parts of the Americas, roughly 10,000 years ago. And then agriculture spread from those areas to the rest of the world, lt is now believed by some archaeologists that agriculture also developed independently in New Guinea. Up here, you can see a huge island on this map located in the Southwest Pacific, north of Australia.
So for many years, it was considered that New Guinea domesticated crops and animals introduced from Southeast Asia about 3,500 years ago. Then in the 1960s and 70s, researchers explored sites in the island, hoping to find some evidence of independent agriculture development. Unfortunately, though, the research was unsuccessful to gather some conclusive evidence to support their speculation. For example, although evidence was found in deforestation, which is from at least 7,000 years ago, which is long before we’ve thought previously, it was unclear whether the forest had been cleared by farmers to plant crops or by hunter-gatherers to hunt more easily. And most plant remains like seeds and fruits don’t preserve well in swampy grounds. You know, New Guinea has a very humid environment, so really the proof was limited.
But recently a group of archaeologists have come up with some pretty convincing support from a site that had been previously examined: Kuk swamp. As its name implies, it is located on a wetland margin, in the upper Wahgi Valley of the New Guinea highlands. According to their findings, they identified a succession of phases of agriculture development in the wetland, and it actually predated the earliest known agricultural influence from Southeast Asia. By using a modern archaeological method, they were able to analyze the sediment samples from each layer of the earth at the site in Kuk. From the oldest soil layer, dating back 9,000 years, they found some features such as pits, postholes and irrigation draining ditches, which provide evidence for very early phase of agriculture. That is, these all indicate that crops were being planted.
From a higher layer of soil, the second phase, they identified regularly distributed mounds. Mounds were constructed in order to plant crops that don’t grow well in wet soil, such as bananas, because, remember, Kuk is a swampy wetland, and bananas can’t tolerate the conditions there. And in the layer from Kuk’s third phase, an extensive network of ditches and drainage channels have been found. They were excellent examples of transformation of agricultural practices. Since the archaeologists had more advanced techniques than were available from earlier researchers, the archaeologists also were able to identify microfossils in the soil from banana plants, and also grains of starch from taro date from about 10,000 years ago. lt was really significant to find taro remains because it meant that it must have been planted there, brought from the low areas, because taro doesn’t ordinarily grow in the high lands.
When it comes to bananas, in sediment samples dating from about 7,000 years ago, researchers also found a high percentage of fossils from banana plants. This proved that bananas were deliberately planted, because where bananas grow naturally, the concentration of the plant fossil is lower. Bananas don’t naturally grow so densely. In fact, recent genetic comparison research suggests that the type of banana grown in New Guinea was domesticated there; it was then brought to Southeast Asia.
Well, usually, we expect to see certain social changes brought about by the development of agriculture, structural changes in the society like rapid population surges and different social classes. But New Guinea? It’s largely unchanged. It remained an egalitarian society. So what does that tell us about the usual presumption?
选项
A、Ancient types of domestic plants were no longer grown by modern farmers.
B、It was unclear whether evidence of early deforestation suggested planting or hunting.
C、Construction of agricultural drainage ditches had damaged much of the archaeological evidence.
D、Plant remains were not well preserves in the climate of New Guinea.
答案
B,D
解析
细节题。线索词为for example,在陈述寻找证据来证明新几内亚农业独立发展而来的部分,教授提到存在的困难,并进行举例说明:it was unclear whether the forest had been cleared by farmers to plant crops or by hunter-gatherers to hunt more easily.And most plant remains like seeds and fruits don’t preserve well in swampy grounds.即:1.森林开伐的目的不确定是为了种植还是狩猎,2.像种子、果实等植物残留在沼泽地无法很好地保存,因此B选项和D选项是正确答案。教授未提到古代品种当代是否有被种植,因此A选项不正确。该部分未提到排水沟会破坏农业证据,因此C选项不正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3328998.html
相关试题推荐
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.[br]Accordingtothespeaker,whatistru
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.[br]Todotheprojectbest,theprofessor
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.[br]WhatdoestheprofessoradviseDougla
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.[br]Dogsarechosenaccordingto[origina
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.[br]Accordingtothespeaker,whatistru
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.[br]Todotheprojectbest,theprofessor
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.[br]Theprofessorsaysthatsuperhighway
Accordingtothespeakers,whatfunctionhastapaplayedinthefollowingcountr
Accordingtothespeakers,whatfunctionhastapaplayedinthefollowingcountr
Accordingtothespeakers,whatfunctionhastapaplayedinthefollowingcountr
随机试题
Withthepossibleexceptionofequalrights,perhapsthemostcontroversial
夜间驾驶机动车超车遇到前车不让路时应怎样处置?()A.连续鸣喇叭提示 B.开
诊断缩窄性心包炎的可靠X线征象是A.胸部透视心脏外形无改变 B.心脏搏动减弱
商业银行次级定期债务的目标债权人为()。A.政策性银行 B.企业法人 C.
40岁已婚妇女,曾有2次流产史,主诉半年来常感月经前期双乳胀痛,有时乳头内有少量
发明专利权的保护期为A.5年 B.10年 C.15年 D.20年 E
人防工程中应根据使用功能和建筑规模设置自动喷水灭火系统,下列()人防工程和部位
判断如图6-3所示的赤平面投影图中,哪一选项对应的结构面稳定性最好?()
患者,男,45岁,经有经验的医生治疗后,颇侧根分叉处仍探诊出血。影响根分叉病变治
通过数据透视表,可以完成数据清单的()。A:求和B:查找C:汇总D:筛选
最新回复
(
0
)