去年11月,中国共产党召开了第十八次全国代表大会,明确了今后一个时期中国的发展蓝图,提出到2020年国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入将在2010年的基础上

游客2023-12-28  20

问题     去年11月,中国共产党召开了第十八次全国代表大会,明确了今后一个时期中国的发展蓝图,提出到2020年国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入将在2010年的基础上翻一番,在中国共产党建党100年时全面建成小康社会,在新中国成立100年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。同时,我们也清醒地认识到,作为拥有13亿多人口的发展中大国,中国在发展道路上面临的风险和挑战依然会很大、很严峻,要实现已确定的奋斗目标必须付出持续的艰辛努力。
    实现中华民族伟大复兴,是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想,我们称之为“中国梦”,基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中华民族历来爱好和平。近代以来,中国人民蒙受了外国侵略和内部战乱的百年苦难,深知和平的宝贵,最需要在和平环境中进行国家建设,以不断改善人民生活。……

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答案     Last November, the CPC held its 18th National Congress. According to the blueprint it mapped out for the country’s development in the near future, China will double its 2010 GDP and per capita income for both urban and rural residents by 2020, complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects when the Party celebrates its centenary in 2021, and turn itself into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious when the PRC marks its centenary in 2049. At the same time, we are soberly aware that, as a large developing country with over 1.3 billion people, China will encounter still greater and more testing challenges on the road to progress, which calls for continuous and strenuous efforts on our part if the goals as identified are to be reached.
    The great renewal of the Chinese nation has become the grandest dream of the Chinese people in modern times. We call it the Chinese Dream, with prosperity for the country, renewal for the nation and happiness for the people as its fundamental elements. China has always been a peace-loving nation. But it was subjected to a century of untold sufferings as a result of repeated foreign aggression and domestic turmoil. We know too well the value of peace, and the need to build the country and improve the people’s wellbeing in a peaceful environment. …

解析     本文节选自习近平主席在莫斯科国际关系学院的演讲,陈述了我国的国情和发展目标,第一段陈述了十八大提出的两个“一百年”目标,第二段陈述了我国的国情及 “中国梦”的背景和内涵。文中有不少中国特色的知识和表达,翻译时应充分考虑外国读者的接受性。
    一、突出核心语义,为译文搭建合理架构
    对于原文第一段,“收入翻一番”“建成小康社会”“建成社会主义现代化国家”都是“发展蓝图”的具体内容,因此可将“明确发展蓝图”提出来,译为according to the blueprint…,后接主句。从“中国的发展蓝图”可以判断出上述三个动词短语的主语是“中国”,因此主句为China will+V1+V2+V3。开头的“中共召开十八大”单独成句,后一句以according to the blueprint it mapped out中的代词it与 “十八大”句保持连贯。
    二、必要时间信息的补充
    因外国读者对中国历史了解有限,重要的时间节点最好在译文中同时提供公历年份。例如,本文中的“中国共产党建党100年时”“新中国成立100年时”,分别补上2021(即1921+100)、2049(即1949+100),译为when the Party celebrates its centenary in 2021和when the PRC marks its centenary in 2049,因是两个“一百年”,还要考虑对译文表达进行一定的变换(动词分别使用了celebrates和marks)。
    三、在中文小句之间寻找逻辑语义关联,用好关联词
    “中华民族历来爱好和平。近代以来,中国人民蒙受了外国侵略和内部战乱的百年苦难”两个小句之间存在明显的转折关系,因而用but引领后句:China has always been a peace-loving nation. But it was subjected to a century of untold sufferings.“蒙受了外国侵略和内部战乱的百年苦难”,主干为“蒙受苦难”,“外国侵略和内部战乱”是造成苦难的原因,因而用as a result of连接:a century of untold sufferings as a result of repeated foreign aggression and domestic turmoil.
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