Solving a problem can be broken down into several steps. First, the problem

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问题 Solving a problem can be broken down into several steps. First, the problem must be identified correctly. Psychologists refer【C1】______ this step as problem representation. For many problems, figuring【C2】______ which information is relevant and【C3】______ is extraneous can be difficult and can interfere【C4】______ arriving at a good solution. Clearly, before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious【C5】______ the problem is, however, this is not as easy【C6】______ it might seem. One obstacle to efficient problem representation is functional fixedness, that is, allowing preconceived notions and even prejudices【C7】______ color the facts. Most people tend【C8】______ see objects and events in certain fixed ways, and by being inflexible in viewing the problem, they may be unable to notice the tools【C9】______ the solution. Once the problem is identified accurately,【C10】______, the second step consists【C11】______ considering the alternatives for a solution. A common way to evaluate alternatives is to write them【C12】______ and then make a list【C13】______ advantages and disadvantages for each solution. Here again, people may be limited by prior experiences. Often people adopt mental sets【C14】______ lead them to the same problem-solving strategies that were successful for problems【C15】______ the past. Although that can be helpful most【C16】______ the time, sometimes a new situation requires a different strategy.【C17】______ that case, the mental set must be abandoned,【C18】______ new alternatives must be explored.
After the alternatives have been compared, a strategy must be selected【C19】______ among them. One way to avoid becoming mired in the options is【C20】______ try the best option with a view to abandoning it for another if the results are unfavorable. This attitude allows many people to move on expeditiously to the next step — action. [br] 【C14】

选项 A、that
B、who
C、how
D、if

答案 A

解析结构搭配此处需填一个引导定语从句并在从句中充当主语的关系代词，that适用。

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