首页
登录
职称英语
According to anthropologists, people in pre-industrial societies spent 3 to
According to anthropologists, people in pre-industrial societies spent 3 to
游客
2023-12-25
27
管理
问题
According to anthropologists, people in pre-industrial societies spent 3 to 4 hours per day or about 20 hours per week doing the work necessary for life. Modern comparisons of the amount of work performed per week, however, begin with the Industrial Revolution (1760—1840) when 10- to 12-hour workdays with six workdays per week were the
norm
. Even with extensive time devoted to work, however, both incomes and standards of living were low. As incomes rose near the end of the Industrial Revolution, it became increasingly common to treat Saturday afternoons as a half-day holiday. The half holiday had become standard practice in Britain by the 1870’s, but did not become common in the United States until the 1920’s.
In the United States, the first third of the twentieth century saw the workweek move from 60 hours per week to just under 50 hours by the start of the 1930’s. In 1914 Henry Ford reduced daily work hours at his automobile plants from 9 to 8.In 1926 he announced that
henceforth
his factories would close for the entire day on Saturday. At the time, Ford received criticism from other firms such as United States Steel and Westinghouse, but the idea was popular with workers.
The Depression years of the 1930’s brought with them the notion of job sharing to spread available work around; the workweek dropped to a modem low for the United States of 35 hours. In 1938 the Fair Labor Standards Act
mandated
a weekly maximum of 40 hours to begin in 1940, and since that time the 8-hour day, 5-day workweek has been the standard in the United States.
Adjustments in various places, however, show that this standard is not
immutable
. In 1987, for example, German metalworkers struck for and received a 37.5-hour workweek; and in 1990 many workers in Britain won a 37-hour week. Since 1989, the Japanese government has moved from a 6- to a 5-day workweek and has set a national target of 1, 800 work hours per year for the average worker. The average amount of work per year in Japan in 1989 was 2,088 hours per worker, compared to 1, 957 for the United States and 1,646 for France. [br] What does the passage mainly discuss?
选项
A、The reasons why people in pre-industrial societies worked few hours per week.
B、Changes that have occurred in the number of hours that people work per week.
C、A comparison of the number of hours worked per year in several industries.
D、Working conditions during the Industrial Revolution.
答案
B
解析
本题为主旨大意题,通读全文可知,本文主要讲述周工作时长的演变——第1段主要讲工业革命时期周工作时长的变化,第2、3段是关于美国20世纪早期的周工作时长变化,最后一段则提到了其他国家的工作时长变化,因此B项为最佳答案。文章开头提到的前工业化时代入们的工作时长只是作一个引入而没有展开讲,因此A项错误。C项“比较各个行业的年工作时长”,文章是对国家间不同的时长做了简单比较,并不涉及具体行业,因此排除C项。D项“工业革命时期的工作条件”在文中无涉及。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3304320.html
相关试题推荐
Whatdoestheword"wanderlust"mean?[originaltext]Whydosomepeoplehavewand
Accordingtothespeaker,whydidhefailtocatchthepoint?[originaltext]
Accordingtothepassage,gender-neutralconstructionsshouldbeadvocatedbecau
WhatdoyouknowaboutChina’srapidgrowthaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard?[o
Whichofthefollowingiscorrect?[originaltext]Accordingtothepolice,thelo
Whatisthewidelyacceptedideaaboutscreentime?A、Itcandamageyoungpeople’
Whatdopeopleusuallythinkofanearlyretirement?[originaltext]It’shard
Itcanbeverydifficulttothinkclearlyifpeopleenterinto"flightorfight"
Allofthepeopleshoppingatthecity’smainvegetablemarketbringtheirownc
Somepeopleexpecttocontinuetousesolarenergyafterthewar.A、正确B、错误A原文说:
随机试题
BackgroundtoeconomicsuccessChina’seconomicgrowthhaslasted40yearsa
大小不一different-sized;bigandsmall
Ifound______hardtoconcentrate.A、thisB、thatC、itD、whatC本题考查it充当形式宾语。it充当形
HowOnlineDatingWorksOneoftheba
计算物种多样性的公式有多种。在计算丰富度指数的公式dGL=S/InA中,A表示单
C
患者,女,32岁,已婚。经行肢体肿胀,按之随手而起,经色暗红有块,伴脘闷胁胀,善
J154、下列事故中必属于重大电网事故的有():(A)110kV及以上电网
现在电话已经普及,传真机使用得也越来越广泛,人们写信也就越来越少。现在哪些人写信
相关性要求企业的会计信息应当清晰明了,简明扼要,数据记录和文字说明能一目了然的反
最新回复
(
0
)