[originaltext] People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of

游客2023-12-25  20

问题  
People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of children develop so early and so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of mathematical maturity guiding their growth. Not long after learning to walk and talk, they can set the table with impressive accuracy—one plate, one knife, one spoon, one fork, for each of the five chairs. Soon they are capable of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons, and forks on the table and, a bit later, that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware. Having thus mastered addition, they move on to subtraction. It seems almost reasonable to expect that if a child were secluded on a desert island at birth and retrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grade mathematics class without any serious problems of intellectual adjustment.
    Of course, the truth is not so simple. This century, the work of cognitive psychologists has illuminated the subtle forms of daily learning on which intellectual progress depends. Children were observed as they slowly grasped—or, as the case might be encountered—concepts that adults take for granted, as they refused, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged as water pours from a short stout glass into a tall thin one. Psychologists have since demonstrated that young children, asked to count the pencils in a pile, readily report the number of blue or red pencils, but must be coaxed into finding the total. Such studies have suggested that the rudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually, and with effort, They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers—the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table—is itself far from innate.

选项 A、Children naturally and easily learn mathematics.
B、Children learn to add before they learn to subtract.
C、Most people follow the same pattern of mathematical development.
D、Mathematical development is subtle and gradual.

答案 A

解析 该题要求注意听力材料中有关观点态度方面的用语或信号词,文中在说到儿童天生具有计算能力时,作者使用了“appear,seems”等词,向听者发出信号,表明作者实际并不赞同这种说法;此外,作者也从正面表示了对这种说法的不同意见,在第二段第一句,作者便称“Of course, the truth is not so simple.”由此可见,选项a的说法与原文相符。
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