首页
登录
职称英语
President Bush has proposed adding optional personal accounts as one of the c
President Bush has proposed adding optional personal accounts as one of the c
游客
2023-12-19
16
管理
问题
President Bush has proposed adding optional personal accounts as one of the central elements of a major Social Security reform proposal. Although many details remain to be worked out, the proposal would allow individuals who choose to do so to divert part of the money they currently pay in Social Security taxes into individual investment accounts. Individuals would have a Choice of fund managers, and the return that they earn from those accounts would then partially determine the Social Security benefit they receive when they retire.
Individual accounts pose a number of important and complex design and implementation issues, including how to lower the cost of administering accounts so that they do not erode the value of pensions that individuals receive when they retire, how many and what kinds of fund choices should be offered, and how to engage workers in choosing funds.
In the late 1990s, Sweden added a mandatory individual accounts tier to its public pension system. This policy brief examines the Swedish experience and lessons it suggests for the United States about the design and implementation challenges of individual accounts.
Sweden has one of the oldest and most comprehensive public pension systems in the world. But by the 1980s, several problems with the system were becoming evident, including current funding deficits and a very large projected funding shortfall as Sweden’s population, which is among the oldest in the world, continued to age.
Between 1991 and 1998, Sweden adopted a new pension system built on three fundamental elements. A new "income pension" is intended to tie pension benefits more closely to contributions made over the entire course of an individual’s working life, while lowering the overall cost of the system; it is financed entirely by a 16 percent payroll tax. A "guarantee pension" provides minimum income support for workers with low lifetime earnings. It is financed entirely by general government revenues and is income-tested against other public pension income.
The third element is a "premium pension" financed by a 2.5 percent payroll tax. These funds are placed in an individual investment account. Individuals have a wide variety of fund choices. To lower administrative Costs; and the administrative burden on employers, collection of premium pension contributions and fund choices are centrally administered by a new government agency, the Premium Pension Authority. Deposits into pension funds are made only once a year, after complete wage records for a calendar year are available from the state tax authorities. Employees choose up to five funds from a list of funds approved by the PPA. Swedes can change their fund allocations as often as they want without charge, but the system is not designed to facilitate "day trading"-- switching funds often takes several days.
The new pension system’s planners recognized that many workers might not make an active pension fund choice. They created a Seventh Swedish National Pension Fund to offer a default fund, called the Premium Savings Fund, for those who do not choose a fund or simply prefer to have the government invest for them. [br] Which one is not the fundamental element of the Swedish new pension system?
选项
A、A new income pension
B、Workers with low lifetime earnings can receive minimum income support
C、A premium pension financed by personal income tax
D、A premium pension which is administered by a government agency
答案
C
解析
从第五段至第六段,讲述了瑞典新福利制度的三大基本要素。C之所以错,在于弄错了养老金的来源,原文讲到,养老金“financed by a 2.5 percent payroll tax”,即是由工资税缴纳的,而非个人所得税。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3288165.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext](1)Youmightwanttothinktwicebeforemakinganotherpersonalc
[originaltext](1)Youmightwanttothinktwicebeforemakinganotherpersonalc
PresidentBushonWednesdayissuedhissecondvetoofameasureliftinghisr
PresidentBushonWednesdayissuedhissecondvetoofameasureliftinghisr
Inanagewherepeoplepromiscuouslypostpersonaldataonthewebandregul
Inanagewherepeoplepromiscuouslypostpersonaldataonthewebandregul
[originaltext]Washington,theUnitedStatesPresidentBarackObamaissett
Onhis10-daytriptoAsiathisweek,PresidentGeorgeW.Bushislikelyto
[originaltext]EightUSDemocraticpresidentialhopefulsdebatedtheIraqwa
[originaltext]EightUSDemocraticpresidentialhopefulsdebatedtheIraqwa
随机试题
Mostworthwhilecareersrequiresomekindofspecializedtraining.Ideally,
HowCanGirlsWinin
既可顶起高处重物,又可顶起低处重物的千斤顶是()。A.移动式螺旋千斤顶 B.
良好的赛前状态与准备活动均可以克服内脏器官的生理惰性,但其生理机制不同,前者为(
某市的基础控制网,因受城市建设、自然环境、人为活动等因素的影响,测量标志不断损坏
兵马:粮草 A工人:工资 B植物:雨水 C电视:遥控器 D发动机:燃
选项中属于培训行政管理内容的是( )。A.场所的确定和布置 B.培训设备和器
为防止操纵市场行为,交易所通常会选取流通盘较小、交易不活跃的股票推出相应的期货
下列关于个人贷款分类的表述,正确的有()。A.个人可循环授信额度通常可达抵
下列活动属于心智技能的是()。A.阅读 B.唱歌 D.跑步 C.写字
最新回复
(
0
)