首页
登录
职称英语
President Bush has proposed adding optional personal accounts as one of the c
President Bush has proposed adding optional personal accounts as one of the c
游客
2023-12-19
35
管理
问题
President Bush has proposed adding optional personal accounts as one of the central elements of a major Social Security reform proposal. Although many details remain to be worked out, the proposal would allow individuals who choose to do so to divert part of the money they currently pay in Social Security taxes into individual investment accounts. Individuals would have a Choice of fund managers, and the return that they earn from those accounts would then partially determine the Social Security benefit they receive when they retire.
Individual accounts pose a number of important and complex design and implementation issues, including how to lower the cost of administering accounts so that they do not erode the value of pensions that individuals receive when they retire, how many and what kinds of fund choices should be offered, and how to engage workers in choosing funds.
In the late 1990s, Sweden added a mandatory individual accounts tier to its public pension system. This policy brief examines the Swedish experience and lessons it suggests for the United States about the design and implementation challenges of individual accounts.
Sweden has one of the oldest and most comprehensive public pension systems in the world. But by the 1980s, several problems with the system were becoming evident, including current funding deficits and a very large projected funding shortfall as Sweden’s population, which is among the oldest in the world, continued to age.
Between 1991 and 1998, Sweden adopted a new pension system built on three fundamental elements. A new "income pension" is intended to tie pension benefits more closely to contributions made over the entire course of an individual’s working life, while lowering the overall cost of the system; it is financed entirely by a 16 percent payroll tax. A "guarantee pension" provides minimum income support for workers with low lifetime earnings. It is financed entirely by general government revenues and is income-tested against other public pension income.
The third element is a "premium pension" financed by a 2.5 percent payroll tax. These funds are placed in an individual investment account. Individuals have a wide variety of fund choices. To lower administrative Costs; and the administrative burden on employers, collection of premium pension contributions and fund choices are centrally administered by a new government agency, the Premium Pension Authority. Deposits into pension funds are made only once a year, after complete wage records for a calendar year are available from the state tax authorities. Employees choose up to five funds from a list of funds approved by the PPA. Swedes can change their fund allocations as often as they want without charge, but the system is not designed to facilitate "day trading"-- switching funds often takes several days.
The new pension system’s planners recognized that many workers might not make an active pension fund choice. They created a Seventh Swedish National Pension Fund to offer a default fund, called the Premium Savings Fund, for those who do not choose a fund or simply prefer to have the government invest for them. [br] Which one is not the fundamental element of the Swedish new pension system?
选项
A、A new income pension
B、Workers with low lifetime earnings can receive minimum income support
C、A premium pension financed by personal income tax
D、A premium pension which is administered by a government agency
答案
C
解析
从第五段至第六段,讲述了瑞典新福利制度的三大基本要素。C之所以错,在于弄错了养老金的来源,原文讲到,养老金“financed by a 2.5 percent payroll tax”,即是由工资税缴纳的,而非个人所得税。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3288165.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext](1)Youmightwanttothinktwicebeforemakinganotherpersonalc
[originaltext](1)Youmightwanttothinktwicebeforemakinganotherpersonalc
PresidentBushonWednesdayissuedhissecondvetoofameasureliftinghisr
PresidentBushonWednesdayissuedhissecondvetoofameasureliftinghisr
Inanagewherepeoplepromiscuouslypostpersonaldataonthewebandregul
Inanagewherepeoplepromiscuouslypostpersonaldataonthewebandregul
[originaltext]Washington,theUnitedStatesPresidentBarackObamaissett
Onhis10-daytriptoAsiathisweek,PresidentGeorgeW.Bushislikelyto
[originaltext]EightUSDemocraticpresidentialhopefulsdebatedtheIraqwa
[originaltext]EightUSDemocraticpresidentialhopefulsdebatedtheIraqwa
随机试题
(清华大学2008年试题)Thechangesingloballyaveragedtemperaturethathaveoccurre
YoumightthinkthathamburgerswereinventedintheUnitedStates,butthat
TheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCentersaidthisweekthatthenation
...andnolivingcreaturewastobeseenexceptthatinthegreenchurchyardthe
Theygotooneoftheworld’smostprestigiousuniversitiesandpridethemse
氨苯砜抗麻风病作用机制()A.抑制细菌依赖于DNA的RNA多聚酶,阻碍mRN
基金份额持有人大会的日常机构、基金管理人、基金托管人都不召集的,代表基金份额(
下列不属于领导的要素的是A.有追随者 B.有领导能力 C.达到组织目标 D
我国少数民族中人口最多的民族是A.朝鲜族 B.蒙古族 C.壮族 D.回族
在组织结构模式中,组织分工反映了一个组织系统中各子系统或各元素的()。A.工作任
最新回复
(
0
)