首页
登录
职称英语
Countries at all levels of economic development face a similar challenge: to
Countries at all levels of economic development face a similar challenge: to
游客
2023-12-18
28
管理
问题
Countries at all levels of economic development face a similar challenge: to make their industries competitive in an increasingly integrated global economy. Despite sharing the same overall goal, though, countries face distinctive geographical issues in ensuring that their industries compete effectively. Industries in relatively developed countries must protect their markets from new competitors. Countries once governed or still governed by communist parties must prepare their industries to compete in a global market-driven economy. Developing countries of Africa, Asia, and Latin America must identify new markets and sources of revenue to generate industrial growth.
Competition among blocs Industrial competition in the relatively developed world increasingly takes place among blocs of countries. Countries within three groups—North America, Western Europe, and East Asia—cooperate more extensively with each other but compete against the other two regions to promote industrial growth.
In North America, the United States and Canada have eliminated virtually all trade barriers, while similar efforts have been made among the members of the European Community. Cooperation is less extensive in East Asia, where Japanese industries tend to set the lead in exporting industrial goods to other countries.
The free movement of most products across the borders has led to closer integration of industries within North America and Western Europe. For example, traditionally, most automobiles sold in Canada were manufactured in Canada, but now most automobiles sold in Canada are assembled in the United States. On balance, however, Canada exports twice as many automobiles to its southern neighbor as it imports. Every Chevrolet Caprice and Ford Taurus sold in Canada is actually assembled in the United States, but every Chevrolet Lumina and Ford Crown Victoria sold in the United States is actually assembled in Canada.
At the same time they have promoted internal cooperation, the three trading blocs have erected barriers to restrict the ability of industries from other regions to compete effectively. European Community members slap a tax on goods that were produced in other countries. Japan has lengthy permit procedures that effectively hinder foreign companies from selling there. The Japanese government maintains quotas on the number of automobiles its companies can export to the United States in order to counter charges of unfair competition.
Transnational corporations Industries within relatively developed countries are increasingly; controlled by large transnational corporations, sometimes called multinational corporations. A transnational corporation operates factories in countries other than the one in which its headquarters is located. Initially, transnational corporations were primarily American-owned, but in recent years Japanese, German, and other European companies have been active as well.
Some transnational corporations locate factories in other countries to expand their markets. Manufacturing the product where it is to be sold overcomes the restrictions that many countries place on imports. Furthermore, given the lack of economic growth in many relatively developed countries, a corporation may find that the only way it can increase sales is to move into another country. Transnational corporations also open factories in countries with lower-cost site factors, in order to reduce production costs. The site factor that varies among countries most dramatically is labor.
Japanese transnational corporations have been especially active in the United States in recent years. Several hundred Japanese-owned corporations have built factories in the United States, primarily to develop new markets for electronics, automotive components, and metal products. Most of these plants have been located in a handful of interior states, including Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Tennessee, and Illinois. [br] According to the passage, there is not much cooperation in East Asia because ______.
选项
A、many countries in East Asia are politically hostile to Japan
B、few countries in this region could match Japan in export
C、the governments are not aware of the necessity
D、there is no agreement on the elimination of trade barriers
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3283862.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Berlin,Germany—Germany’seconomicgrowthinthepastyearwas
[originaltext]Berlin,Germany—Germany’seconomicgrowthinthepastyearwas
[originaltext]Berlin,Germany—Germany’seconomicgrowthinthepastyearwas
[originaltext]Goodmorning,folks.Today’slectureisaboutthedevelopment
[originaltext]Goodmorning,folks.Today’slectureisaboutthedevelopment
TheAgencyforInternationalDevelopmentisa______organization.[br]Accordin
AccordingtotheUNHumanDevelopmentReport,whichisthebestplaceforwomen
AccordingtotheUNHumanDevelopmentReport,whichisthebestplaceforwomen
FrancisBaconisbestknownforhiswhichgreatlyinfluencedthedevelopmentof
【B1】[br]【B4】developed→developing本题属于语义衔接错误。前一句中提到的是developingcountries(发展中国家)
随机试题
Joe’sparentsvisitedhimatcollegelastweek.Beforetheirplanelanded,i
Alawyerfriendofminehasdevotedherselftotheserviceofhumanity.Her
常用的剖视图有()等。A.全剖视图 B.半剖视图 C.阶梯剖视图 D.局
关于合流排水系统,下述哪些说法是正确的?( )A.当合流排水系统截流井的溢流水
黑龙江是中国位置最北、最东,纬度最高,经度最东的省份。( )
下列关于预期效用理论说法错误的是( )。A.预期效用理论建立在被普遍接受的关于
热原具有特别强致热活性成分的是A:核糖核酸 B:胆固醇 C:脂多糖 D:蛋
A.μ<0.5 B.0.5<μ<0.7 C.0.7<μ<2 D.μ>2
适合做外汇期货卖出套期保值的情形有( )。A.持有外汇资产者,担心未来货币升值
下列激素中,属于下丘脑调节肽的是A.促甲状腺激素 B.促肾上腺皮质激素 C.
最新回复
(
0
)