首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext] Good morning, folks. Today’s lecture is about the development
[originaltext] Good morning, folks. Today’s lecture is about the development
游客
2023-12-21
44
管理
问题
Good morning, folks. Today’s lecture is about the development of higher education in the United States. First, a brief introduction.
Before the 1850’s, the United States had a number of small colleges, most of them dating from colonial days. They were small, church connected institutions whose primary concern was to shape the moral character of their students. Memorization, submission and authority were all emphasized in the instruction and the curriculum.
Throughout Europe, institutions of higher learning had developed, bearing the ancient name of university. In Germany a university was concerned primarily with creating and spreading knowledge, not morals. Between mid-century and the end of the 1800’s, more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went to Germany for advanced study. Some of them returned to become presidents of venerable colleges—Harvard, Yale, Columbia—and transform them into modern universities. The new presidents broke all ties with the churches and brought in a new kind of faculty. Professors were hired for their knowledge of a subject, not because they were of the proper faith and had a strong arm for disciplining students. The new principle was that a university was to create knowledge as well as pass it on, and this called for a faculty composed of teacher-scholars. Drilling and learning by rote were replaced by the German method of lecturing, in which the professor’s own research was presented in class. Graduate training leading to the Ph. D., originally an ancient German degree signifying the highest level of advanced scholarly attainment, was introduced. With the establishment of the seminar system, graduate students learned to question, analyze, and conduct their own research.
At the same time, the new university greatly expanded in size and course offerings, breaking completely out of the old, constricted curriculum of mathematics, classics, rhetoric, and music. The president of Harvard pioneered and introduced the elective system, so that university students were able to choose their own course of study. The notion of major fields of study emerged. The new goal of modern universities was to make the university relevant to the real pursuits of the world. They were paying close heed to the practical needs of society as well as training men and women to work at its tasks. For instance, our students were taught how to fix a faucet, mend a broken furnace and dissemble a gasoline engine to pieces. Although engineering students became the most characteristic of the new regime, university students were also trained as economists, architects, agriculturalists, social welfare workers, and teachers. In a word, modern universities in America were more closely connected with our community, our society and our people’s lives. They were institutions that provided a more utilitarian education, and at the same time transmitted for average American citizens the culture that our society required for entrance into the middle class.
Question No. 16 What was the major concern of small colleges in the United States before the 1850’s?
Question No. 17 Why did young Americans go to Germany for study at the end of the 1800’s?
Question No. 18 Which of the following was brought about by the university’s seminar system?
Question No. 19 Which university first put forward the elective system?
Question No. 20 Which of the following is NOT true about the new goal of modern universities?
选项
A、To teach students modern knowledge.
B、To prepare students for making a living.
C、To spread the religious belief among students.
D、To shape their students’ moral character.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3293434.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]HadIknownthatwecouldbuyexactlythesametypeofcamerache
[originaltext]IreallycannotdecidewhethertodigupinformationfromtheInt
[originaltext]IreallycannotdecidewhethertodigupinformationfromtheInt
[originaltext]Nowadays,moreandmoreyoungcouplesprefernottohaveachild
[originaltext]Ifthepriceoffuelcontinuestobeincreasingastheresultof
[originaltext]Ifthepriceoffuelcontinuestobeincreasingastheresultof
[originaltext]Ifthepriceoffuelcontinuestobeincreasingastheresultof
[originaltext]Ifthepriceoffuelcontinuestobeincreasingastheresultof
[originaltext]M:Patricia,Youarenowathirdyearcollegestudentattheend
[originaltext]Haveyoueverheardofbungeejumping?Itisaratherthrilli
随机试题
"Wheredoyoucomeinyourfamily?"AccordingtoFrankSulloway,aUSsocio
WhatisGeorgegoingtodothismorning?[br][originaltext]M:Hello,isthatS
适合制成橡胶的高聚物应当是( )。A.Tg低于室温高聚物 B.Tg高于室温高
拔管时出现喉痉挛而将导管夹紧,首先应采取的措施是()A.马上加深麻醉,充分供
下列何经绕阴部A.足太阴脾经 B.足阳明胃经 C.足厥阴肝经 D.足少阳胆
孕妇缺碘,小儿可患( )A.地方性甲状腺肿 B.侏儒症 C.克汀病 D.
某女,4个月前行人流手术,近3个月经量明显增多,色鲜红,质黏稠,伴心烦口渴,乏力
甲公司派员工伪装成客户,设法取得乙公司盗版销售其所开发软件的证据并诉至法院。审理
[单选题]美国心理学家Gw.奥尔波特认为,社会心理学试图了解和解释个体的思想
劳动合同可以约定试用期。试用期最长不得超过() A.3个月B.6个月
最新回复
(
0
)