首页
登录
职称英语
Discussion of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States has focu
Discussion of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States has focu
游客
2023-12-17
12
管理
问题
Discussion of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States has focused on two factors: social standing and the loss of national culture. In general, excessive stress is placed on one factor or the other, depending on whether the commentator is North American or Puerto Rican. Many North American social scientists, such as Oscar Handlin, Joseph Fitzpatrick, and Oscar Lewis, consider Puerto Ricans as the most recent in a long line of ethnic entrants to occupy the lowest rung on the social ladder. Such a "sociodemographic" approach tends to regard assimilation as a benign process, taking for granted increased economic advantages and inevitable cultural integration, in a supposedly egalitarian context. However, this approach fails to take into account the colonial nature of the Puerto Rican case, with this group, unlike their European predecessors, coming from a nation politically subordinated to the United States. Even the "radical" critiques of this mainstream research model, such as the critique developed in Divided Society, attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social mobility and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority.
In contrast, the "colonialist" approach of island-based writers such as Eduardo Seda-Bonilla, Manuel Maldonao-Denis, and Luis Nieves-Falcon tends to view assimilation as the forced loss of national culture in an unequal context with imposed foreign values. There is, of course, a strong tradition of cultural accommodation among other Puerto Rican thinkers. The writings of Eugenio Fernandez Mendez clearly exemplify this tradition, and many supporters of Puerto Rico’s commonwealth status share the same universalizing orientation. But the Puerto Rican intellectuals who have written most about the assimilation process in the United States all advance cultural nationalist views, advocating the preservation of minority cultural distinctions and rejecting what they see as the subjugation of colonial nationalities.
This cultural and political emphasis is appropriate, but the colonialist thinkers misdirect it, overlooking the class relations at work in both Puerto Rican and North American history. They pose the clash of national cultures as an absolute polarity, with each culture understood as static and undifferentiated. Yet both the Puerto Rican and North American traditions have been subject to constant challenge from cultural forces within their own societies, forces that may move toward each other in ways that cannot be written off as mere "assimilation". Consider, for example, the indigenous and Afro-Caribbean traditions in Puerto Rican culture and how they influence and are influenced by other Caribbean cultures and Black cultures in the United States. The elements of coercion and inequality, so central to cultural contact according to the colonialist framework play no role in this kind of convergence of racially and ethnically different elements of the same social class. [br] The social scientists who adopt the social standing approach ______.
选项
A、believe that Puerto Ricans will increasingly gain economic advantages
B、think that Puerto Ricans will lose their national cultures
C、regard the political relation of Puerto Rico to the United States as a significant factor
D、point Out that coercion and inequality will inevitably occur in the process
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3280313.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]TiesbetweentheUnitedStatesandFrancereachedalowpoint
ThestatewhichhasthelargestlandareaofallthestatesintheUnitedStates
[originaltext]TheUnitedStateshasstronglycriticizedthebroadcastofpre
[originaltext]TheUnitedStateshasrecordedanotherhugemonthlytradedefi
[originaltext]TheUnitedStateshasrecordedanotherhugemonthlytradedefi
WhichisthelargestfreshwaterlakeintheUnitedStates?A、LakeHuron.B、LakeE
ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDhrendorf’s
ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDhrendorf’s
TheUnitedNationswasfoundedlopromotepeace,prosperityandhumanrights.
TheUnitedNationswasfoundedlopromotepeace,prosperityandhumanrights.
随机试题
GraduateeducationistheDetroitofhigherlearning.Mostgraduateprograms
BuckinghamPalaceistheresidencefor______.A、thePrimeMinisterB、theKingor
AslongasAmericanslovetodrivefarandfast,electriccarsmayneverbe
若该饭店在2014年末的资产负债率为56%,则2014年末的产权比率为()。
下列缩写“JP”白是A.美国药典B.英国药典C.中华人民共和国药典D.美国国家处
灭火器进行日常维修时,每次送修的灭火器数量不得超过计算单元配置灭火器总数量的(
制定薪酬管理制度应明确企业战略发展规划的内容,包括()。A:发现战略的计划
2018年,我国共享经济交易规模达29420亿元,从市场结构看,生活服务、生产能
国际收支包括经常项目和()项目。 A.劳务B.资本C.贸易D.投资
关于成人肾肿瘤描述,错误的是A.多发于40岁以上男性 B.发生于肾实质的肾癌多
最新回复
(
0
)