首页
登录
职称英语
Socrates, son of Sophroniscus, a sculptor, was philosopher of Athens, Greece
Socrates, son of Sophroniscus, a sculptor, was philosopher of Athens, Greece
游客
2023-12-10
45
管理
问题
Socrates, son of Sophroniscus, a sculptor, was philosopher of Athens, Greece. It is said that in early life he practiced his father’s art. In middle life he married Xanthippe, who is legendary as a shrew, although the stories have little basis in ascertainable fact. It is not certain who were Socrates’s teachers in philosophy, but he seems to have been acquainted with the doctrines of Parmenides, Heraclitus, Anaxagoras, and the atomists. He was widely known for his intellectual powers even before he was 40, when, according to Plato’s report of Socrates’s speech in the Apology, the oracle at Delphi pronounced him the wisest man in Greece. In that speech Socrates maintained that he was puzzled by this acclaim until he discovered that, while others professed knowledge without realizing their ignorance, he at least was aware of his own ignorance.
Socrates became convinced that his calling was to search for wisdom about right conduct by which he might guide the intellectual and moral improvement of the Athenians. Neglecting his own affairs, he spent his time discussing virtue, justice, and piety wherever his fellow citizens congregated. Some felt that he also neglected public duty, for he never sought public office, although he was famous for his courage in the military campaigns in which he served. In his self-appointed task as gadfly — someone annoys other people by criticizing them — to the Athenians, Socrates made numerous enemies.
Aristophanes mimicked Socrates in his play The Clouds and attributed to him some of the faults of the Sophists — professional teachers of rhetoric. Although Socrates in fact baited the Sophists, his other critics seem to have held a view similar to that of Aristophanes. In 399 B.C. he was brought to trial for corrupting youth and for religious heresies. Obscure political issues surrounded the trial, but it seems that Socrates was tried also for being the friend and teacher of Alcibiades and Critias, both of whom had betrayed Athens. The trial and death of Socrates, who was given poison to drink, are described with great dramatic power in the Apology, the Crito, and the Phaedo of Plato.
Socrates’s contributions to philosophy were a new method of approaching knowledge, a conception of the soul as the seat both of normal waking consciousness and of moral character, and a sense of the universe as purposively mind-ordered. His method, called dialectic, consisted in examining statements by pursuing their implications, on the assumption that if a statement were true it could not lead to false consequences. The method may have been suggested by Zeno of Elea, but Socrates refined it and applied it to ethical problems.
His doctrine of the soul led him to the belief that all virtues converge into one, which is the good, or knowledge of one’s true self and purposes through the course of a lifetime. Knowledge in turn depends on the nature or essence of things as they really are, for the underlying forms of things are more real than their experienced exemplifications. This conception leads to a teleological view of the world that all the forms participate in and lead to the highest form, the form of the good. Plato later elaborated this doctrine as central to his own philosophy. Socrates’s view is often described as holding virtue and knowledge to be identical, so that no man knowingly does wrong. Since virtue is identical with knowledge, it can be taught, but not as a professional specialty as the Sophists had pretended to teach it. However, Socrates himself gave no final answer to how virtue can be learned. [br] According to Plato, the core of Socrates’s philosophy is
选项
A、dialectic.
B、the good.
C、knowledge of the true self.
D、purposes through one’s lifetime.
答案
B
解析
细节推断题。定位到最后一段。该段主要讲述苏格拉底的the good理念,段中提到柏拉图此后将此学说阐述为苏格拉底的中心学说.故B为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3261678.html
相关试题推荐
EmilyDickinsonisanAmericanA、poetess.B、writer.C、playwright.D、philosopher.
Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientiststofittimein
Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientiststofittimein
Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientiststofittimein
Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientiststofittimein
Cheatinginsportisasoldassportitself.TheathletesofancientGreece
Cheatinginsportisasoldassportitself.TheathletesofancientGreece
Socrates,sonofSophroniscus,asculptor,wasphilosopherofAthens,Greece
Socrates,sonofSophroniscus,asculptor,wasphilosopherofAthens,Greece
Morethan2,000yearsago,thephilosopherSocrateswanderedaroundAthensa
随机试题
John’sscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he______lastnight.A、mus
关于生产技术方案的选择,下列说法中正确的是()。A:应结合市场需要确定建设规模
下表是2006年我国国际收支平衡表简表,请根据此表在下列备选答案中选出正确答案(
根据作用时间硫喷妥钠属于A.长时巴比妥类药 B.中时巴比妥类药 C.短时巴比
拉合PT一次刀闸时,应先检查()A.母联开关在断开位置 B.母联开关在
企业在市场细分之后。决定只推出单一产品运用单一的市场营销组合,这种市场覆盖战略称
某银行在其发行的一款理财产品的宣传材料写道:“本产品预期最高年化收益××%(上不
鼻腔黏膜上有丰富的血管、黏液腺的纤毛,鼻中隔前下部也有纤密的毛细胞血管网,当受到
供热管道安装补偿器的目的是( )。A.保护固定支架 B.消除温度应力 C.方
诊断丹毒最有意义的临床表现是A、好发部位 B、色鲜红界限清楚 C、局部发现水
最新回复
(
0
)