首页
登录
职称英语
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may no
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may no
游客
2023-12-03
64
管理
问题
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may not always rise to the newly broadened clinical definition of an eating disorder. But the behavior that for many Americans is a routine pastime certainly contributes to excess weight gain, with its implications for health. And it is considered "disordered eating" by most mental health professionals.
A study published on Thursday in the journal Science adds to evidence that binge eating—and overeating generally—may have a biological basis. The new research, conducted on mice, suggests a target in the brain that drug developers should consider in exploring treatments for such disordered eating.
Not surprisingly, researchers focused their attention on the hypothalamus, one of the brain’s most primitive structures, a key node in the brain circuitry that drives us to eat and drink, to seek out sexual partners, and generally to crave more of what makes us feel good. From its seat in the brain’s deepest recesses, the lateral hypothalamus is lashed up to the amygdala, where basic, powerful emotions such as fear, anger and love are processed.
As part of the limbic system, these structures evolved early in the rise of mammals to ensure that the necessities for survival and reproduction got top billing in behavior.
In the 1960s, neuroscientists electrically stimulated the lateral hypothalamus and saw that it played a key role in feeding behavior, and in the reinforcement of feeding behavior. But how it did that remained a mystery.
To explore how the lateral hypothalamus governs eating behavior, a group of researchers from the University of North Carolina used mice and a relatively new technique: To discern how certain cells work, they genetically engineered the cells to respond to light: then, they turned those cells on and off, essentially, with a miniature flashlight, and watched the resulting behavior.
The researchers applied the on-off treatment to a group of cells in the amygdala and their projections into the lateral hypothalamus. They hypothesized that the cells, called the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, interact with the hypothalamus to regulate eating.
Sure enough, when they "turned on" these unique cells in mice who were well fed, the result was rapid and striking: The animals immediately launched into "voracious feeding behavior". And the mice clearly enjoyed the impulse to pig out: They showed a clear preference for being in the space they associated with having the cells turned on.
Moreover, given the choice, the animals made a beeline to high-fat, high-calorie foods.
The trick worked more dramatically when the mice’s food was restricted and they were then allowed to eat at will. But even when the mice were well fed, those with the targeted cells turned on continued to eat well after they would have been filled up.
Research has suggested that stress, genes and environmental factors, such as the ubiquity of high-calorie, high-fat foods, all may trigger overeating. But if future therapies aim to fortify the vulnerable against those triggers, they might well focus on the special cells targeted here, the researchers said. [br] According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the function of the hypothalamus?
选项
A、Driving us to eat and drink.
B、Urging us to find a spouse.
C、Making us desire good feelings.
D、Helping us to feel fear, anger and love.
答案
D
解析
事实细节题。由题干中的hypothalamus定位至第三段第一句。由该句后半部分…a key nodein the brain circuitry that drives us to eat and drink,to seek out sexual partners,and generally tocrave more of what makes us feel good.可知,只有[D]“帮助我们感觉到害怕、生气和爱”不是hypothalamus的作用,故为答案。[A]“驱使我们吃、喝”和文章内容一致,故排除;[B]“促使我们找到配偶”,这和文中的to seek out sexual partners的意思一致,故排除;[C]“使我们渴望好的感受”和文中的to crave more of what makes us feel good的意思一致,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3241856.html
相关试题推荐
Peopletendtostrugglewhenlearninganotherlanguage,especiallyiftheya
Peopletendtostrugglewhenlearninganotherlanguage,especiallyiftheya
Peopletendtostrugglewhenlearninganotherlanguage,especiallyiftheya
Peopletendtostrugglewhenlearninganotherlanguage,especiallyiftheya
Peopletendtostrugglewhenlearninganotherlanguage,especiallyiftheya
Peopletendtostrugglewhenlearninganotherlanguage,especiallyiftheya
Caneatingacheeseburgerbeconsideredanactofwar?Yes,butonlyifyou
Caneatingacheeseburgerbeconsideredanactofwar?Yes,butonlyifyou
PASSAGETHREE[br]What’sthebiologicalbasisofbingeeatingaccordingtothe
Eatingwhenyou’renothungry—especiallyhigh-calorie,high-fatfoods—mayno
随机试题
TowardaSmarterWebWiththegrowthofth
Theneedforbirthcontrolmethodshasdevelopedfairly【B1】______,withthe
Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasasubjectcomplement?A、Jackwasseenplayin
DoctorsinBritainarewarningofanobesitytimebomb,whenchildrenwhoar
对某在用钢筋混凝土桥梁进行特殊检查,需完成与结构耐久性评定相关的材质状况检测,请
共用题干 王先生,35岁,某研究所研究员,每月税前收入为7000元;张女士,3
下列哪项是破伤风治疗的重要环节A.中和游离的毒素 B.清除毒素来源 C.控制
下列选项不属于银行机构市场准入的是( )。A.机构准入 B.第三方准入 C
下列可作为施工作业指导书主要编制依据的有()。A.国家、行业和总公司有关设计、施
颈椎病的鉴别诊断中,肩周炎不可能出现A.三角肌萎缩 B.斜方肌痉挛 C.肩痛
最新回复
(
0
)