首页
登录
职称英语
(1)Thirty-seven men have been elected President since 1789, and the American
(1)Thirty-seven men have been elected President since 1789, and the American
游客
2023-11-27
26
管理
问题
(1)Thirty-seven men have been elected President since 1789, and the American people have applied two different standards in evaluating their achievements. The first was formulated by Alexander Hamilton who test-drove the presidency in the Federalist papers. The difficulty of winning the job, he argued, virtually guaranteed it would be held by the best men. "Talents for low intrigue, and the little art of popularity", could "elevate a man to the first honors in a single state". But only "characters pre-eminent for ability and virtue" could impress the nation as a whole. The first seven Presidents, who filled the job for almost a half-century, confirmed Hamilton’s prediction. George Washington, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson were heroes of the American Revolution. James Madison was the prime mover in the push to write and ratify the Constitution. James Monroe and John Quincy Adams had signal triumphs: Monroe successfully fought against the English troops during the war in 1814, and Adams, as Monroe’s Secretary of State, conceived the Monroe Doctrine, which waved Europe off the western hemisphere. Andrew Jackson, the frontier warrior, beat the Creek Indians in the old Southwest and the British in New Orleans.
(2)It was not until the eighth President, Martin Van Buren, that America aimed lower. Van Buren was a smooth self-made man from upstate New York who clambered to leadership first in his state, then in the Democratic Party nationwide. He was a wire puller and wheeler-dealer. Former President John Quincy Adams praised his "calmness", "gentleness" and "discretion", though not his "profound dissimulation" and "fawning servility". Van Buren was a pol, first, last and always. He showed mat intrigue and the art of popularity were now enough to win the White House. Since 1841, most successful presidential candidates have passed the Van Buren test. The electorate wants leaders who have played the game, even if they haven’t been All-Stars. It’s a low but sensible hurdle; Obama qualifies by that standard.
(3)Voters also don’t take kindly to non-politicians: two businessmen, Wendell Willkie and Ross Perot, made serious runs for the White House, although neither came close. Americans will elect a political neophyte only if he passes the Hamilton test of pre-eminent ability. Ulysses S. Grant and Dwight Eisenhower had never held elective office, but they won their wars. Some Presidents pass both tests: Theodore Roosevelt fought well in the Spanish-American War and in New York State politics. Among the prospective 2008 candidates, only one has shown pre-eminent ability: Rudy Giuliani, in solving the crime problem in the nation’s largest city and in bis response to 9/11.
(4)But is pre-eminent ability a reliable predictor of success? It doesn’t guarantee victory at the polls. Henry Clay was master of legislative finesse who helped broker the Missouri Compromises of 1820-1821, a deal between slave states and free states that kept the two sides from each other’s throats for 30 years. Yet he failed to become President in three tries. Great achievements don’t guarantee great presidencies even when the pre-eminent man wins. The Eisenhower Administration, scorned by eggheads of the left and right while it was going on, has been revised upward by later scholars, and a similar process is lifting Grant’s presidency from the cellar to which an unholy alliance of neo-Confederates and genteel reformers had consigned it. But neither man will ever be considered as great in peace as he was in war.
(5)There have also been ordinary-seeming politicians who became epoch-making Presidents. After the 1932 Democratic Convention picked New York Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt, journalist H. L. Mencken described him as a man "whose competence was plainly in doubt." The Republican nomination of one-term Illinois Congressman Abraham Lincoln in 1860 brought this sneer from diarist George Templeton Strong: "He cut a great many rails, and worked on a flatboat in early youth; all which is somehow presumptive evidence of his statesmanship."
(6)Statesmanship is an art, which means there is always room for inspiration, and for grace. We are right to look for a record of pre-eminent ability when we can find it. But the basic doctrine of republican government, that all men are created equal, can be a surprise bonus for some leaders, as well as a guarantee of rights for all of us. Sometimes greatness appears in unlikely places, even in ordinary pols from Illinois. [br] What does the passage mainly talk about?
选项
A、Obama will probably become President according to the American history.
B、All the presidential candidates should pass both the two mentioned tests.
C、Who will be the next U.S. President is still not clear before election.
D、Any presidential candidate would break the Hamilton and van Buren’s tests.
答案
C
解析
本文简述了美国建国以来选举总统的两个主要标准及其在现实生活中不断发生的变化,其中引用了希望很大却在选举时落马的候选人和起先不被看好却政绩显著的总统的事例。因此我们可以得出结论:美国总统选举结果是个未知之数,故选C。注意文章开头和结尾虽然都提到奥巴马,但因此就选A,因为文中只是提出一个假设,但并未对可能性进行叙述。B、D是关于选举总统的两个标准,而且明显与原文不符,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3223868.html
相关试题推荐
Americans’circleofcloseconfidantshasshrunkdramaticallyinthepasttw
Americans’circleofcloseconfidantshasshrunkdramaticallyinthepasttw
Americans’circleofcloseconfidantshasshrunkdramaticallyinthepasttw
ChineseAmericansI.EarlyimmigrationA.thefirstgroupofChineseimmigrant
ChineseAmericansI.EarlyimmigrationA.thefirstgroupofChineseimmigrant
ChineseAmericansI.EarlyimmigrationA.thefirstgroupofChineseimmigrant
ChineseAmericansI.EarlyimmigrationA.thefirstgroupofChineseimmigrant
ChineseAmericansI.EarlyimmigrationA.thefirstgroupofChineseimmigrant
ChineseAmericansI.EarlyimmigrationA.thefirstgroupofChineseimmigrant
ChineseAmericansI.EarlyimmigrationA.thefirstgroupofChineseimmigrant
随机试题
某工作持续时间2天,有两项紧前工作和三项紧后工作,紧前工作的最早开始时间分别是第
资产必须是有实物形态的实物资产。()
个人汽车贷款的借款申请材料包括()。A.贷款银行认可的借款人还款能力证明材料
共用题干 A房地产公司(以下简称A公司)申请征用B乡基本农田以外的耕地50hm
共用题干 ScientistsDevelopWaysofDetecti
患者男,64岁。1个月前出现肛门周围疼痛,肛门左侧皮肤出现发红、肿胀及触痛,偶有
文学从诞生之初,就不可避免地承载了过多的负担。作为传播思想的一种主要工具,必然要
关于砌体房屋静力计算方案,下列说法不正确的是( )。A.弹性方案房屋按屋架(大
其他条件不变,下列各项中会导致公司加权平均资本成本下降的是()。A.市场利率上
(2021年真题)与单价合同相比,固定总价合同的特点有( )。A.适用于地下条
最新回复
(
0
)