笼里养着两只母鸡,一只爱唱,另一只喜静。主人根据母鸡下蛋之后报唱的现象,以为所有的蛋都是那只唱鸡产的,因此很偏爱它,捉得蟑螂也专喂给它吃。但日子一久,秘密揭穿了

游客2023-11-25  20

问题 笼里养着两只母鸡,一只爱唱,另一只喜静。主人根据母鸡下蛋之后报唱的现象,以为所有的蛋都是那只唱鸡产的,因此很偏爱它,捉得蟑螂也专喂给它吃。但日子一久,秘密揭穿了:原来那只唱鸡下蛋很少,而不叫的那只却一天一个,且蛋刚落地就一声不响地离开鸡窝,由那只唱鸡站在蛋边大喊大叫。闲聊时和朋友谈及此事,他以为我是言外之意不在鸡,而是论人。其实,古人早就以鸡喻人了,《尚书-牧誓》里就有“牝鸡无晨”之句。说到人,在我们中确是有很多沉默寡言的人,他们牢牢蹲在自己的岗位上,夜以继日,埋头苦干替国家创造了大量的物质财富,为人民作出了一项又一项的优异成绩。他们像母鸡一样,吞的是粗糠老菜,产下的是蛋,而且往往一声不响。但也有一种人,嘴尖舌长,能说会道,自我吹嘘,滔滔不绝,像那只爱唱的母鸡一样,占着个鸡窝不下蛋。个别恶劣的还窃取别人的成果去报喜称功,一点不觉得惭愧。

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答案     There were two hens raised in a coop: One liked to cackle, and the other preferred to keep quiet. According to the phenomenon that a hen would cackle after laying an egg, the raiser assumed that all the eggs had been laid by the cackler. As a result, he became so partial to it that all the cockroaches caught were only fed to it. However, with time passing by, the secret came to light that it turned out to be the cackler laid very few eggs while the non-cackler kept laying one egg a day. What’s more, the moment the latter laid an egg, it left the coop silently, leaving the former standing next to the egg cackling loudly.
    When I chatted with a friend about it, he thought what I was really talking about was not the hens, but men.

解析 1.画线部分第一段第一句中的“笼里养着两只母鸡”可译为There be句型;“笼里养着”译为过去分词短语,作后置定语,修饰two hens;“笼”可译为coop,意为“鸡笼”。“一只爱唱,另一只喜静”可译为One…and the other…的句型;“唱”在这里是指母鸡“咯咯叫”,故意译为cackle更符合原文的意思。
2.画线部分第一段第二句可分译为两句话,第一个分句中,根据上下文,“主人”译为the raiser比直译为the owner更贴近原文的意思;“母鸡下蛋之后报唱”可译为that引导的同位语从句,用来解释说明“现象”the phenomenon的具体内容;“唱鸡”根据原文意思是指爱咯咯叫的那只母鸡,因此可意译为cackler一词。第二个分句中“很偏爱它”的主语被隐去,根据原文的意思,增添he作为句子的主语;“捉得蟑螂也专喂给它吃”可处理为结果状语从句,并且译文补出从句引导词so…that…,从而表明原文隐含的逻辑关系;“捉得”可译为过去分词短语,作后置定语,修饰all the cockroaches。
3.画线部分第一段第三句是一个长难句,可分译为两句话。第一个分句中,“日子一久”可译为介词with的复合结构;“原来那只唱鸡下蛋很少,而不叫的那只却一天一个”可译为that引导的同位语从句,用来解释说明“秘密”(the secret)的具体内容;“原来”可译为it turned out的句型;“而”可译为while,连接前后两个并列结构,表示对比;“不叫的那只”,根据上文,可译为non-cackler。第二个分句中,“刚……就……”可译为the moment(that)引导的时间状语从句;由上下文可知,从句主语为“蛋”,主句的主语“不叫的那只”被隐去,根据语义分析,翻译时将从句主语an egg替换为“那只唱鸡”,便于与主句的主语照应,而为了避免与上文的译文the non-cackler重复,从句主语可译为the latter,主句主语则译为it;“由那只唱鸡站在蛋边大喊大叫”用现在分词短语作伴随状语译出。
4.画线部分第二段第一句中“我是言外之意不在鸡,而是论人”可译为not…but…的句型;“我是言外之意”可译为主语从句。
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