首页
登录
职称英语
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Disti
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Disti
游客
2023-11-23
65
管理
问题
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.
British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names.
In fact, over fifty percent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son of Simon", as might be expected.
Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognizable after a little thought: Arther, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day", (Old English for breadmaker) and "Walker" (a fuller whose job was to clean and thicken newly, made cloth).
All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking: their meanings are slightly different from the modern ones. "Black" and. "White" implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.
Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Mil ton" (middle enclosure) and "Hilton" (enclosure on a hill). [br] We learn from the first paragraph that ______ for many years after the 13th and 14th centuries.
选项
A、family names became descriptive and occupational
B、people in some areas still had no surnames
C、some people kept changing their surnames
D、all family names fixed in England
答案
C
解析
段落主题推断题。根据第一段最后一句“for many years after that (the 13th and 14th centuries),the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country”,我们可以断定尽管13和14世纪以后姓氏就固定下来了,但有些仍在不断地改变其姓氏,所以C是正确的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3213335.html
相关试题推荐
PassageOne(1)SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyse
PassageOne(1)SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyse
PassageOne(1)SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyse
InNewEnglandandelsewheretherearefinedairy,fruit,andvegetablefar
InNewEnglandandelsewheretherearefinedairy,fruit,andvegetablefar
InNewEnglandandelsewheretherearefinedairy,fruit,andvegetablefar
ThemenandwomenofAnglo-SaxonEnglandnormallyboreonenameonly.Disti
Theyear1400openedwithmorepeacefulnessthanusualinEngland.Onlyafe
1 SendingachildtoschoolinEnglandisastepwhichmanyparentsdonotfind
1 SendingachildtoschoolinEnglandisastepwhichmanyparentsdonotfind
随机试题
OurplanetEarthis4,600millionyearsold.Ifwereduce【M1】______thi
下列哪一类建筑排水不需要单独收集处理?( )A.生活废水 B.机械自动洗车台
“三个代表”重要思想中先进文化是指( ) A.人类文明进步的结晶 B.杰出
在对应用程序身份验证的例行程序进行审计时,审计师确定,用以访问某数据库的用户身份
某内部审计师正在进行分析性复核,将某分公司经营的利润与其它分公司的利润、该分公司
我国第一部专门的中医药管理行政法规由国务院颁布施行的是A:中医药发展纲要B:中
疾病进行期突然出现核右移,常提示()。A.患者恢复期 B.预后良好 C
未封闭阳台()建筑面积。A:按其外围水平投影面积计算B:按其外围水平投影面积的
女性,50岁,腹部阵发性胀痛1天,呕吐为胃内容物,近3个月来有时腹胀,大便带黏液
1()是课程理论与实践相结合的产物,具有权威性和指导性。
最新回复
(
0
)