首页
登录
职称英语
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Disti
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Disti
游客
2023-11-23
61
管理
问题
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.
British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names.
In fact, over fifty percent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son of Simon", as might be expected.
Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognizable after a little thought: Arther, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day", (Old English for breadmaker) and "Walker" (a fuller whose job was to clean and thicken newly, made cloth).
All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking: their meanings are slightly different from the modern ones. "Black" and. "White" implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.
Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Mil ton" (middle enclosure) and "Hilton" (enclosure on a hill). [br] Surnames are said to be ______ in Anglo-Saxon England.
选项
A、common
B、vocational
C、unusual
D、descriptive
答案
C
解析
细节定位题。文章第一段第一和第二句告诉我们:“The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only.Distinguishing epithets were rarely added”,在这里distinguishing epithets指的就是surname,所以C为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3213334.html
相关试题推荐
ItwassaidbySirGeorgeBernardShawthat"EnglandandAmericaaretwocoun
ItwassaidbySirGeorgeBernardShawthat"EnglandandAmericaaretwocoun
ItwassaidbySirGeorgeBernardShawthat"EnglandandAmericaaretwocoun
(1)ItwassaidbySirGeorgeBernardShawthat"EnglandandAmericaaretwoc
PassageOne(1)SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyse
PassageOne(1)SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyse
PassageThreeWhenGeorgeOrwellwrotein1941thatEnglandwas"themos
PassageThreeWhenGeorgeOrwellwrotein1941thatEnglandwas"themos
InNewEnglandandelsewheretherearefinedairy,fruit,andvegetablefar
InNewEnglandandelsewheretherearefinedairy,fruit,andvegetablefar
随机试题
ThisfilmdocumentsthePresidentTeddyRoosevelt’s________towhatisnowKenya
[originaltext]Inthiscentury,photographshavebeenreallyimportantfort
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReading
对下列句子中加点的词语,解释不当的是( )。A.这些论点,必须认真分辨,才不会
古希腊哲学家克拉底鲁指出,万物瞬息万变,不可捉摸,人连一次也不能踏进同一条河流。
A.暗红色血便 B.果酱样便 C.鲜红色血便 D.鲜红色血便伴排便时肛门剧
疱疹性口炎心火上炎证的治疗方剂为A.凉膈散加减 B.泻心导赤散加减 C.六味
下列饭店品牌资产评估方法中,()必须同时具备一个活跃、公正、公平的市场和
依据赫尔巴特的教学形式阶段理论,学生的兴趣表现为注意、思维状态处于专心,通过教师
外界声音通过中耳时,可使声压增加约A.1.3倍 B.3.2倍 C
最新回复
(
0
)