首页
登录
职称英语
That an ecological crisis confronts humankind is now so central to our think
That an ecological crisis confronts humankind is now so central to our think
游客
2023-11-23
24
管理
问题
That an ecological crisis confronts humankind is now so central to our thinking that the notion that human beings adapt to their natural environment seems obvious. But ecological interpretations of world history are surprisingly recent. Sociologists, in attempting to classify societies, have looked increasingly to a people’ s relationship with their natural environment and, provide food, clothing, and shelter. Human beings meet these needs in a wide variety of environments, including deserts, rain forests, grasslands, and so on. Such environments are part of ecosystem, complex web of interdependencies among organisms, communities of organisms, and the natural habitual. Some societal variation derives from the different demands made by different ecosystems. Customs and ways of life that would be adaptive in one ecosystem would be maladaptive in another.
We confront a habitat and evolve a mode of existence not so much as lone individuals, but cooperatively as larger social units. Social organization and technology are our chief adaptive mechanisms. Social organization develops as we create stable, ordered relationships and become infused with common cultural traits. Much depends on whether or not our values, norms, beliefs and institutions favor or foreclose new avenues of adaption. Likewise, technology —the application of knowledge for practical ends allows us to harness and change aspects of our environment. In its broadest sense, technology entails the practical arts and skills of human society. As technology has become more advanced, we have gained access to greater amounts of non human energy (animal, water, fossil fuel, solar, and so on). In turn, new sources of energy have allowed our cultures to expand and change. Other changes follow as well. [br] The author points out that differences in people’s ways of life come from______.
选项
A、their cultural traditions
B、their adaptions to the environment
C、their demands for natural resources
D、their notions about the environment
答案
B
解析
本文旨在探索人类生存方式(mode of existence)的起源。在生存斗争中,人们试图不断地适应和改造自己生存的空间,而人与不同自然环境的关系促成了人类社会的诸多差别,适应于一个社会的生活方式未必适应于另一个社会(主要参考第一段最后两句)。人类都有些基本需要,在满足它们的过程中,不同环境下的社会发展了不同的生活方式。这些方式不断沉淀固定下来,进而成为某个社会发展变化的适应性机制,技术的发展也不例外。主要参考第二段第一,二句。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3210896.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]L:Goodmorning,CityCentralLibrary.MayIhelpyou?M:Yes,I
[originaltext]L:Goodmorning,CityCentralLibrary.MayIhelpyou?M:Yes,I
Beyonddemographics,theUnitedStatesconfrontswitharangeofother【M1】_
Beyonddemographics,theUnitedStatesconfrontswitharangeofother【M1】_
Beyonddemographics,theUnitedStatesconfrontswitharangeofother【M1】_
Beyonddemographics,theUnitedStatesconfrontswitharangeofother【M1】_
[originaltext]W:Goodevening.OneofthesoberinglessonsoftheEbolacrisis
[originaltext]W:Goodevening.OneofthesoberinglessonsoftheEbolacrisis
[originaltext]W:Goodevening.OneofthesoberinglessonsoftheEbolacrisis
[originaltext]W:Goodevening.OneofthesoberinglessonsoftheEbolacrisis
随机试题
Theleaderwenthisownwayin______ofthepublicopinion,whicharousedgreat
下列作家中,具有“短篇小说之王”称号的是()A.福克纳 B.卡夫卡 C.莫
在人员素质测评指标构建的基本方法中,个案研究法的主要缺点是( )。A.需要广泛
颅底骨折的主要依据诊断是:A.头部外伤 B.软组织淤血 C.脑脊液外漏 D
导致泄泻的根本病理在于A.脾虚湿盛 B.食滞肠胃 C.脾胃虚弱 D.感受外
下列属于我国出现的大城市群的是()。A.长江三角洲地区 B.黄河中下游地
房地产开发企业申请预售许可时,需提交的资料不包括()。A:土地使用权证、建设工程
凉膈散与大承气汤的共有药物是A.山栀子、黄连 B.大黄、芒硝 C.厚朴、枳实
材料一 如何保证农业农村优先发展?某周刊对话种粮大户老郑、基层干部郭书记和“三
材料1 2011年2月,科技部和科学技术奖励工作办公室发布通告,经调查
最新回复
(
0
)